Cities
City of Mosalsk
- a city in Russia, the regional center of the Mosalsky district of the Kaluga region. Located in the west of the Kaluga region, 18 km from the Moscow-Roslavl highway (A101), 42 km from the Baryatinskaya railway station, 105 km southwest of Kaluga. Scientist-economist A.I. was born in Mosalsk. Chuprov and his son, statistical theorist A.A. Chuprov. By the middle of the 19th century. a significant warehouse for the wholesale trade of bread, hemp and vegetable oil, from here goods were sent through Smolensk to the ports of Riga and St. Petersburg. During the Great Patriotic War of 1941-45, Mosalsk was occupied by Nazi troops on October 6, 1941. It was liberated on January 8, 1942 by troops of the Western Front during the Rzhev-Vyazemsk operation.
OKATO code: 29229501 Founded: 1231 City since: 1231 Deviation from Moscow time, hours: 0 Geographic latitude: 54°29′ Geographic longitude: 34°59′ Height above sea level, meters: 210
Education in the city of Mosalsk
The city has a number of secondary specialized, general education and preschool institutions. There are no institutions of higher professional education in the city, so future students go to other cities to enroll.
Economy of the city of Mosalsk
Plant for packaged dairy products Cheese plant Flax processing plant Experimental plant of the Moscow Design Bureau of metal-cutting machines
History of the city of Mosalsk
The first mention dates back to 1231, when the city, at that time called Masalsk, was part of the Chernigov principality. Later it became the main city of the appanage Mosal principality.
At the beginning of the 15th century it was under the rule of Lithuania. Occupied by the troops of Ivan III in 1493. At the beginning of the 16th century, it finally became part of Rus'.
Since 1776 - a district town of the Mosalsky district of the Kaluga governorate (since 1796 - Kaluga province). It was built according to a regular plan since 1779.
In the middle of the 19th century, Mosalsk was an important transshipment point for goods on the way from Smolensk to St. Petersburg and Riga.
Since 1929, the city has been the regional center of the Mosalsky district of the Sukhinichi district of the Western region (since 1944 - Kaluga region).
In 1980-1990, new microdistricts were built in the city.
| Coat of arms of the city of Mosalsk - On a silver field there is a black eagle, crowned with a princely crown, with a golden cross, placed diagonally, which he holds in his left claws, and in the right, a scarlet shield with a princely crown crowned with the golden letter M., expressing that this city was part of possessions of Chernigov, which had their own coat of arms, and to distinguish it from the coat of arms of that kind of princes, the silver field of this eagle has a jagged edge of azure color. | Flag of the city of Mosalsk — |
The city of Mosalsk is the administrative center of the Mosalsky district of the Kaluga region. Located in the west of the Kaluga region, 18 km from the Moscow-Roslavl highway ( A101 ). The distance to Moscow is 255 km, to Kaluga – 93 km. The nearest railway station Baryatinskaya is located at a distance of 33 km.
The population in 2010 was 3,900 people.
In the first third of the 13th century, Novgorod troops led by Prince Yaroslav Vsevolodovich and his relatives, the princes of Belozersky and Yaroslavl, invaded the Chernigov principality from the northeast. This is where the city of Mosalsk is mentioned for the first time. It was in 1231, apparently at the end of summer or beginning of autumn. Approaching Mosalsk , Yaroslav besieged it. However, he did not take it and retreated with nothing.
Borderland is a distinctive feature of the situation of the Mosal lands. The guard fortress on the northeastern outskirts of the Chernigov lands over time became an outpost of the Moscow state on the border with Lithuania or Lithuania on the border with Muscovy, and changed hands several times.
Only after liberation from the Tatar-Mongol yoke (1480) did the Moscow state decisively take up the return of the lands seized by Lithuania. In 1490, the princes of Vorotyn and Przemysl joined Moscow with their appanages. In 1492-1493 They, with the support of the Odoevsky princes, captured the cities of Mosalsk , Serpeisk and Meshchovsk, which surrendered without a fight. In 1494, the war ended with the signing of a peace treaty, according to which Kozelsk, Serensk, Vorotynsk, Przemysl, Meshchovsk, Belev and Odoev remained with Moscow, and Serpeisk and Mosalsk with Lithuania.
Having become part of the centralized Moscow state, Mosalsk served as a border fortress for another hundred years, defending the southwestern borders from the raids of the Crimean Tatars and Nogais, who repeatedly - in 1584, 1587, 1592, 1595 and 1597. - devastated the surroundings of Mosalsk , Belev, Kozelsk, Przemysl, Meshchovsk and Vorotynsk.
Under 1660, Mosalsk is mentioned as a military garrison with 229 archers, gunners and other soldiers, surrounded by rotten spruce fortress walls with two blind towers. With this news, the history of Mosalsk as a border fortified city ends. But the military history of the city does not end.
The decisive events of the Patriotic War of 1812 took place on the territory of the Kaluga province. The defeat of Napoleonic army began here. Military operations did not directly affect the Verkhovsk cities, but their residents took an active part in partisan warfare and supplying supplies to the Russian army. Thus, partisan detachments in Mosalsky district alone killed and drowned 987 Frenchmen and captured 450.
After the end of the Patriotic War, Meshchovsk, Mosalsk and Serpeisk developed as local trade, craft and administrative centers. The main transit routes - the Warsaw and Kiev highways, although they passed through the territory of the counties, but bypassed their centers, as a result of which the industrial and commercial potential of the cities, without having time to receive proper development, sank into oblivion. The construction of the Kyiv Railway in 1896 only aggravated the disadvantage of their economic and geographical position.
At the very end of February 1917, the tsarist autocracy, hated by the people, collapsed. About this second bourgeois-democratic revolution - the February - local historical facts are usually given little. Meanwhile, they were, and quite significant.
In Mosalsk, the new government established itself quickly and without much resistance. Everyone was waiting for a change in the incompetent policy, complicated by the imperialist war imposed by the bourgeoisie.
On October 3, 1941, Nazi troops occupied Meshchovsk and captured Mosalsk . But already in December 1941, as a result of the counter-offensive of the Red Army near Moscow, the armies of the Western Front began to liberate Kaluga land. On January 3, 1942, the operation to liberate Meshchovsk began, which was successfully completed by noon on January 7; another day later, Red Army units entered Mosalsk.
In 1980-1990, new microdistricts were built in the city.
Today Mosalsk is a typical small town of the Non-Black Earth Region, a node of an agricultural region, combining the functions of an administrative center and a center for servicing agricultural production. The critical situation that developed in the agriculture of the Non-Black Earth Zone was not slow to affect the appearance of both the city and nearby rural settlements, and the way of life of the population.
Mosalsk is an ancient city that has preserved several architectural monuments: St. Nicholas Cathedral , 1818 - a good example of classicism (recreated “from the foundation”). Trinity Church 1745 Pyatnitskaya Church 1765 - once a five-domed (now the chapters are lost) temple, impressively rising on a hill in the form of picturesque ruins - Boris and Gleb Church (1791), interesting paintings in the interior.
Phone code: +7 48452 City forum: www.mosalsk.info City website: www.mosalsk.h12.ru
