General characteristics of the demographic situation in the Nizhny Novgorod region
The Nizhny Novgorod region is located in one of the most populated parts of Russia, and its administrative center is the fifth most populous city in the country. At the same time, the region has a lower life expectancy than in Russia as a whole.
By nationality, the overwhelming majority of residents of the region are Russians, but the ethnic map of the Nizhny Novgorod region is quite varied.
The dynamics of population growth in the Nizhny Novgorod region still remains negative. But there have already been trends towards a decrease in the rate of population decline, which allows us to hope for an increase in the number of people living in the region in the future.
In general, the Nizhny Novgorod region faces a difficult demographic situation, but the trends of recent years give us hope that in the near future there is a high probability of a change in the current situation.
Area and districts
The city of Nizhny Novgorod is divided into two parts by the Oka River. On the right are three districts: Prioksky, Nizhny Novgorod and Sovetsky. This is the so-called Upland part. On the left side of the Oka lies Zarechye. This part contains Sormovsky, Leninsky, Moskovsky, Kanavinsky and Avtozavodsky districts. From the north, the Volga River flows along the entire city.
The area of Nizhny Novgorod is, according to various estimates, from 410 to 466 square meters. km. The Nizhny Novgorod urban district includes thirteen other settlements, which is why the numbers vary so much.
Nizhny Novgorod: what federal district, area, population. Volga Federal District on News4Auto.ru.
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Nature of the region
Region 152 (Nizhny Novgorod region) represents several natural zones: steppe zone, coniferous forests, deciduous oak forests. There are fourteen reserves in the region. In 1965, the Gorky Regional Council took under protection thirty rare natural attractions, these include the Ichalkovsky Forest, the Bornukovsky Cave and other places. In 1978, colossal work was carried out to protect the environment: a list was approved that included those species of rare medicinal plants, the collection of which was prohibited; declared protected areas of swamps, steppes, lakes, and those areas where rare plant species grow.
Lifespan
One of the indicators that indicate the standard of living of the population is its expected duration. This indicator is sometimes mistakenly called average life expectancy, but this is not entirely true. Life expectancy is a prediction of how long people born in a given year will live on average.
This figure for the Nizhny Novgorod region for 2014 is 69.5 years; 12 months before that it was 69.4 years. It should be noted that life expectancy in this region as a whole has been increasing since 2004, although in some years there has been a slight drop. The minimum life expectancy in the Nizhny Novgorod region was registered in 2003. Then it was 63.6 years.
It should be noted that in 2014 this figure for women was 76 years, and for men – 63.3 years. For comparison: in Russia as a whole, the life expectancy of the population born in 2014 is 70.9 years. At the same time, for men it is 65.3 years, and for women it is 76.5. Thus, the life expectancy of the population in 2014 in the Nizhny Novgorod region was worse than in the country as a whole.
Population
1.2 million people live within the city’s borders. It is the fifth most populous city in the Russian Federation. The Nizhny Novgorod agglomeration as a whole has 2 million inhabitants. This is approximately 2.2 percent of the total population of Russia.
Most of the townspeople live in the Avtozavodsky district (300 thousand people). There are half as many residents in the Kanavinsky district (150,000).
Since 1992, the city's population has been decreasing almost every year, but from 2012 to 2015 there was an increase. The reason for the outflow of residents is the comparative proximity to Moscow. Citizens left there because of higher salaries and a better standard of living.
The average age of residents is 39 years. There are 30 centenarians in the city, and 358 thousand pensioners. Large families in the city are represented by 3.7 thousand people. This is one thousand more than in 2009.
In recent years, there has been an increase in the birth rate (by 0.2 percent), as well as a decrease in mortality.
