Sights of Novocherkassk: list, photos and description

Novocherkassk was founded in 1805 by Ataman Matvey Platov as the new capital of the Don Cossacks instead of the village of Cherkassk, which was regularly flooded by Don floods. This city retains its functions as the administrative center of the Don Cossacks today.

Did you know? At the congress of Cossack troops of Russia and Abroad in Moscow on July 18, 1993, the city of Novocherkassk acquired the status of the world capital of the Cossacks.

Patriarchal Ascension Cathedral Military Cossack Cathedral and Ermak Square

The main attraction is located in the city center - the Patriarchal Ascension Cathedral of the Cossack Military Cathedral, the third largest in Russia. The height of the cathedral is 74.6 m . The beginning of construction is the year the city was founded.

They designed and tried to build the cathedral twice. But due to weak soils and the presence of groundwater at shallow depths, the construction of such a massive structure could not be completed. Each time the cathedral collapsed; under the weight of its own mass it sank into the ground. The Cossacks decided to make the third and last attempt according to the project of A.A. Yashchenko. Construction was completed in 1904, and in 1905 the cathedral solemnly opened its massive carved doors in the presence of Nicholas II.

The cathedral is active, services are held in it, and the temple is beautifully decorated on church holidays. At night, the facades of the cathedral are illuminated by architectural lighting depicting scenes from the Bible. The main cross is decorated with rock crystal. In the basement of the cathedral, which has two tiers, baptisms are performed and the tomb is located. Marble sarcophagi store the remains of the founder of Novocherkassk M.I. Platov and other personalities significant for the history of the city. The interior of the cathedral is impressive: frescoes, paintings, and stained glass windows depict biblical scenes and pictures from the life of the Cossacks. Excellent acoustics can be enjoyed during festive services, which are accompanied by the singing of the church choir.

The cathedral is located on Ermak Square, paved with stone. There are also three monuments here. The first one, on the side of Ermak Avenue, is a monument to Ermak, the famous Don Cossack and conqueror of Siberia. It was opened in 1904 and has remained unchanged to this day.

On the other side of the cathedral in 1911. A monument to the hero of the Caucasian wars, Lieutenant General Ya.P. was opened, brought from St. Petersburg. Baklanov. His ashes are also kept in the cathedral crypt. The monument was heavily damaged during the First World War, but was completely restored in 1995.

On the side opposite the main entrance of the cathedral in 2005. a monument of reconciliation and harmony was erected, symbolizing the unity of the Cossacks and their reconciliation with their enemies.

Location: Ermaka Avenue.

Sights of the city of Novocherkassk with photos and descriptions

Novocherkassk is a very colorful city, home to more than two hundred historical and architectural monuments, nine of which have the status of objects of federal significance. Of course, most local attractions are closely connected with the history of the Don Cossacks.

Architecture of Novocherkassk

The old quarters of Novocherkassk with the architecture of the 19th century, made in the eclectic and modernist styles, amaze the imagination. The large space of the young city made it possible not to build densely, but to alternate it with green spaces, which made it possible to turn many buildings into original palaces and estates, which we can still see today.

• The Ataman Palace is one of the main attractions of the city. Until 1920, this building, made in the eclectic style, served as the residence of Cossack atamans and the highest persons of the state. Nowadays, this architectural monument is a branch of the Don Cossacks Museum.
• State Polytechnic University is a complex of buildings on Prosveshcheniya Street. The design of the buildings of this university was developed by the architect Roguysky in 1911, and their construction was completed only in the 1930s. Today these buildings have the status of architectural monuments.
• The Palace of Ceremonial Rites is a building erected at the end of the 19th century by the merchant Kiryunin. This beautiful building was called the “House of Happiness” until 1964. After restoration in the 1990s. The Wedding Palace was opened here.
• Kuznetsov Real School - this architectural object was built at the end of the 19th century on Atamanskaya Street. The building is made in the Byzantine style, its architect is V.I. Zuev. The corner façade was formerly decorated with a bell-shaped turret, which was demolished during the Soviet years. Today, city school No. 5 is located here.

Ataman Palace

A prominent place in the urban architecture of Novocherkassk is occupied by two triumphal arches, erected as a sign of the Cossacks’ merit in the War of 1812 and victory over Napoleon. They were built according to the design of the Moscow architect A. I. Rusk in 1817. These buildings greet tourists at the entrances to the city from the western and northeastern sides.

Churches and temples

In pre-revolutionary Novocherkassk, there were fourteen Orthodox churches, a Lutheran church and a Catholic church. Unfortunately, during the years of struggle against religion, several places of religious character were lost. Today, only eight churches have survived in which services are held.

• Ascension Cathedral is the central building of the architectural ensemble of Novocherkassk. This main Orthodox church of the Don Cossacks was founded at the founding of the city in 1805, but its construction took exactly 100 years. During construction, the building collapsed twice due to a weak foundation and haste, and was completed only the third time according to the project of Academician A. A. Yashchenko. The cathedral was closed by the Soviet authorities and reopened only in 1942 under the German occupation. For the 200th anniversary of the city, this building was restored and returned to its former majestic appearance.
• Michael the Archangel Church is one of the most beautiful buildings on Azov Square. It was erected in 1870 in the classic Russian style: with onion-shaped domes and barrel-shaped semi-columns.
• Assumption Church - this Catholic church was built by Polish architect Bronislaw Roguyski in 1906. During the Soviet period, the parish was closed, and the building was used as a canteen. Since 1994, the temple was returned to the Catholic community of Novocherkassk.

Ascension Cathedral

City museums

There are quite a lot of interesting museums in Novocherkassk that will introduce tourists to the history of the city and the Don Cossacks.

• The Museum of the History of the Don Cossacks was founded on November 22, 1899 through the efforts of “lovers of Don antiquity” in a building specially erected for this purpose. His collections were collected in all Cossack villages of the Don. During the Civil War, many exhibits were taken away, and they were returned only in 1947. Today, the museum complex's holdings include more than 115 thousand items, many of which have no analogues in the world.
• The Museum of the History of Viticulture and Winemaking was created in 1972 and introduces tourists to the history of the development of these crafts from antiquity to the present day. The collection includes copies of amphorae, silver lutheria and bowls, antique black-glazed utensils for drinking wine, and most importantly, varieties of local grapes. Of particular interest is the book of complaints and suggestions, in which you will see gratitude from foreign celebrities.
• The Museum of Memory of the Novocherkassk Tragedy of 1962 was opened with the support of the Soros Foundation in 2002. It tells the story of the sad events of government forces suppressing a strike by workers at an electric locomotive plant.

Museum of the History of the Don Cossacks

Museum of the History of Viticulture and Winemaking

Monuments

Statues and monuments are found everywhere in Novocherkassk. Conventionally, they can be divided into two large groups: the first is dedicated to the history of the Don Cossacks and prominent atamans, and the second is dedicated to the historical heritage of the USSR.

• Monument to Platov - dedicated to the ataman who founded Novocherkassk. It was created in 1853 by sculptor A.V. Tarasenko. In 1923, the sculpture was replaced by a monument to Lenin, and only 70 years later the famous founding father returned to his original place.
• The monument to Ermak is a unique sculpture dedicated to the famous Cossack chieftain who conquered Siberia. It was installed in 1904. Ermak Timofeevich is depicted standing at full height with a battle banner and the crown of Siberia in his hands. Today this monument is a cultural heritage site.
• The monument to the mass grave was erected at the burial site of the soldiers and officers who liberated Novocherkassk in 1943. The marble monument, on which the names of the victims are carved, was opened on the 50th anniversary of the Victory on the initiative of local authorities.

Monument to Platov

Other monuments of Novocherkassk:

• monument to Ataman Baklanov;
• bust of Suvorov;
• Monument to Reconciliation and Concord;
• Worship cross;

• monument to Yuri Gagarin;
• monument to aviators;
• memorial sign to the liquidators of the Chernobyl disaster;
• monument to Cossack horses.

Triumphal arches

On the western and northern sides of the city, by order of Platov, two identical arches were built in the style of late classicism. Since the city was located on a hill, from the north side you can clearly see the city’s microdistricts (villages) and the river. In addition, the arch is beautifully illuminated at night. The northern arch is located on the street. Herzen, and separates the central part of the city from the villages.

The second arch is located near the Azov market. From this place you can admire the Aksai hills and the villages adjacent to the city.

Ataman Palace

A small two-story building in the city center located at the intersection of Platovsky Avenue and Moskovskaya Street. Made in classicism style. On the façade there is an elegant balcony with cast lattice and open portals at the entrances. The palace was designed and built by I.O. Valprede in 1863.

The Ataman Palace was the residence of high-ranking officials, including the emperor during his visit to the city. Now it is a branch of the Museum of the Don Cossacks. On the first floor there is an exhibition of various museum exhibits, on the second floor a gallery of interiors is recreated with impressive beauty and richness of decoration: state rooms, the ataman’s office, a dining room, a large living room. In front of the palace there is a small park with a fountain.

Location: Dvortsovaya street - 5a.

The many-faced city of Novocherkassk

Published in the magazine “Project: South” # 11-12 (48) November-December 2008
The confluence of Tuzlov and Aksay was once called Biryuchiy Kut or in Russian the Lone Wolf Tract. Now here are the original districts of Novocherkassk, but the wolves are long gone. But there are many historical monuments, architecture and other current attractions.

Novocherkassk was conceived and built as the administrative center of the Don Cossacks, its capital. In some ways, it still contains elements of the Cossack pomp of its foundation. Triumphal arches, built in honor of Alexander I, but, to a greater extent, to glorify the very Cossack spirit of that time, still mark the former borders of the city on the northern and southern sides.

However, there are not many objects of purely Cossack architecture in Novocherkassk that deserve attention. Initially, it was built as a city, and not a village or a farmstead, so there are no chicken-like buildings or other examples of Cossack architecture here. Novocherkassk was built strictly according to the created plan, and the buildings are technically and aesthetically consistent with the architectural trends of that era.

The first large public buildings were made in the classicist style. These are the same Triumphal Arches of Luigi Rusca, built in 1817, the military chancellery buildings of 1844, the miniature in comparison with them guardhouse building of 1856, which laid the foundation for the architectural diversity of the city. In the Empire style in 1863 P.V. Valprede built the Ataman Palace , which accentuated the location of the center of Novocherkassk.

The last decades of the 19th century the city was enriched with many buildings, whose architecture was stylized according to the classicist examples of the beginning of this century. Among the most interesting, it is worth mentioning, first of all, the Mariinsky Women's Gymnasium by the architect Yashchenko (1883), the men's gymnasium on A.A. Ermak Avenue. Campioni, technical school K.F. Künzel. Subsequently, the buildings of the Polytechnic Institute were built in the same style, although they were built much later, already in the 1910-20s. The main building looks especially impressive , as if hanging like a castle over the lower areas of the city center. The institute buildings were built according to the design of the architect Roguysky.

At the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries, the minds of local architects were captured by eclecticism. For example, the church built in 1898 and the residential building of the merchant Kiryushin with two lions above the entrance gate were built in this style. Now it is called the “ House of Happiness ” because the city registry office is located here. In those same years, such significant buildings as the Mariinsky Institute of Noble Maidens on Pushkinskaya Street, the KUKKKS architect Künzel on Baklanovsky Prospect (now military barracks), the Studenikin Diocesan School on Platov Avenue and the prison castle appeared. One cannot fail to mention one of the masterpieces of Novocherkassk architecture - the Ascension Military Cathedral . It became not only a religious symbol of the city, but also the high-rise dominant of the entire area.

Just before the revolution of 1917, many buildings appeared in Novocherkassk that corresponded to the ideas of local architects about the Art Nouveau style that was fashionable at that time. This is the building of the modern hydrochemical institute on Moskovskaya street, kindergarten No. 4 on Ya.I. Prosveshcheniya street. Korotchenkova, House with an Owl on Dubovsky Street, a house with a semi-oval pediment on the same street and its smaller copy on Komitetskaya Street, residential mansion of the city architect Salnikov . But the largest product of Art Nouveau in Novocherkassk is the former Chambers of Judicial Institutions , where the Revkom, led by Podtelkov and Krivoshlykov, was subsequently located. They were built by the architect Beketov. Now here is the Theater of Drama and Comedy named after V.F. Komissarzhevskaya. It must be added that buildings built in this style look especially appropriate on the quiet Novocherkassk streets, of which there are many in the city. They are easy to recognize by the elaborate shapes of the façade or the design features of the layout.

Thus, by the time of the October Revolution, Novocherkassk was a large city with a complex architectural face. During the years of Soviet power, its right-bank part has hardly changed its historical appearance. The seven-year school built by Associate Professor Lipyavkin in 1931 has survived from the constructivist period They want to demolish this building, which houses the mechanical and technological college, and build a shopping center in its place, since it is located in a popular place on Trinity Square.

Soviet neoclassicism made a great contribution to the architectural history of Novocherkassk. On the same Trinity Square, where there was a church before the revolution, and now there is a monument to Podtelkov and Krivoshlykov and a memorial to the fallen White Cossacks, six-story pompous buildings were built. A reference example of this style is also the House with a Spire , which completed the architectural decoration of the central street of the city of Moscow.

This is where the large-scale development of the historical center ended. In the last years of the existence of the USSR and in our time, it is supplemented only by spot inclusions of new buildings, which architects more or less successfully try to fit into the style of existing architecture. Only on the northwestern outskirts of the right bank part of the city in the 1960s. the so-called area appeared Novocherkassk "Cheryomushki", built up with 3-5-storey "Khrushchev" buildings.

The left bank part of Novocherkassk developed completely differently. It began to be built up in the 1930s, when a locomotive plant (the future NEVZ) was founded here. This is how the village of Oktyabrsky appeared. It is architecturally valuable for the integral development of its central part, where the House of Culture , a cinema, and other public and residential buildings . They were built after the Second World War in line with neoclassicism and were made in the same stylistic content. The village of Sotsgorod and Molodezhny appeared next to it. Workers of NEVZ, Electrode Plant, NZSM and other numerous enterprises located right there in the Industrial District of Novocherkassk live here. At the present stage, the village of Vostochny has appeared on the left bank of the Tuzlov, which is being built up with cottage-type houses.

This is a brief architectural history of Novocherkassk, in many ways similar to the development of other cities in the Rostov region. But here the border between pre-revolutionary architecture and the architecture of the Soviet period is perceived more clearly. These areas are separated by a wide river valley and do not mix like in other cities. On the right bank you find yourself in the architectural atmosphere of the 19th century, which has changed little over time, and on the left bank you literally inhale the consequences of Soviet industrialization and clearly get acquainted with Soviet architecture.

Novocherkassk is rightfully famous for its large number of officially recognized architectural and sculpture monuments. They are located, as a rule, in the center. But there are also little-known, but no less interesting masterpieces of architecture and sculpture in the city.

In Novocherkassk, on its western outskirts, there is a forest park “Red Spring”, located near the bus station, south of the Cheryomushki microdistrict. It is true that the only thing that blooms here all the time is tuberculosis. There is a tuberculosis dispensary in the grove. There are enough other sufferers in this territory.

For example, a soldier with an AKM-type assault rifle, dedicated to those killed in Chechnya and Afghanistan, which stands at the entrance to the park. And, looking at her, it is not entirely clear whether the sculptor gave her such scoliotic forms out of pain or shame for the dead soldiers.

And, if this monument and the nearby grove with the only half-decent alley, where there are laid out benches, evoke anxiety only on the superficial parts of the brain, then the next Novocherkassk attraction excites the convolutions of some people literally to the point of tremors. To the south of this grove, at the entrance to the territory of the Stanichnik garage cooperative, there is a small one. It is preserved from fighters against the “cult of personality” by local communists, who periodically lay flowers and wreaths at its pedestal. They even propose to install this historical monument in one of the empty squares. But the current city authorities are against such initiatives.

The old cemetery begins right behind the garage cooperative. Here, among the many expensive monuments to bandits and criminals, you can still find ones from the beginning of the 20th century. There is, for example, the grave of the artist Krylov. Not far from the entrance there is a whitewash that has fallen off here and there. It is the oldest surviving one in the city. Various kinds of mourners, as well as requested members of funeral teams, are busily scurrying around her. Particularly touching are the lapidary 4 drums, on which gilded small domes are installed. They are located strictly at the corners of the main rectangular volume of the church. Above the gable roof, the central dome rises not much larger than the others. A bell tower was attached to the church without unnecessary architectural details. According to the authors' plans, small vestibules located on its sides should consolidate the bell tower with the overall volume. Elements of decorative processing also bear features of the pseudo-Russian style.

Along Pervomaiskaya Street, which looks lined with buildings, you can go down to the deep. It crosses the southwestern part of Novocherkassk from the Polytechnic building complex to the local meat processing plant located at the beginning of Platov Avenue. The beam is chaotically built up. Wide streets, planned on a rectangular grid, when approaching it, break off or turn into narrow paths winding along steep slopes. All this is not visible from Platov Avenue. Only a few narrow passages to the ravine territory remind of its existence. On this section of the avenue it was installed in the 19th century. It is completely devoid of decoration in comparison with its eastern twin arch, located on the Herzen descent. There are no inscriptions on it, no bas-reliefs, no flower beds around it. Cars drive right under it, splashing its walls and columns with road mud.

Not far from here, on the other side of the beam, behind the production of local brick factories, begins the fence of the local correctional colony, in which the wildly publicized maniac Chikatilo was imprisoned.

Further along the avenue near the main market there is another church. It hangs solidly, like a market, over the shopping rows. This . She is already more than 100 years old. In general, the entire local area has changed little since pre-revolutionary times. The whole of it is built up with one or two-story brick houses with various offices, warehouses and shops located in them, as under the Tsar.

the Alexander Church on nearby Aleksandrovskaya Street . It was built at the end of the 19th century. Not a masterpiece, as local art critics say, but also an architectural monument. True, while St. Michael's and Cemetery churches, in principle, do not disturb anyone, this temple now stands across a fairly busy street and has to be driven around.

In the northern part of the right bank of Novocherkassk, not far from Sennaya Square, which is a typical example of Cossack religious architecture of the late 19th - early 20th centuries, the descent begins along the crooked, tangled alleys to Tuzlov. Further, the road goes to the village, which is now famous because, according to rumors, there once was a Muslim mosque here. The modern landscape of this semi-rural area of ​​the city is complemented by the stench from the burning Novocherkasskaya, which is located above, on the slope, in the former.

If you have been to Novocherkassk and have not visited its industrial, left-bank part, then, in principle, you have not seen anything actually interesting. NEVZ, electrode plant and NZSP make this city not a run-of-the-mill “capital of the Cossacks”, but a serious modern populated area. A long bridge across the wide Tuzlovo floodplain connects the left bank with the old city. This place is also interesting because the railway and road intersect here. Power lines and tram rails on the bridge are also being prepared to meet modern industry.

But first you find yourself in the Khotunka , with military units stationed here. The spirit of Right Bank philistinism and martinet pseudo-combat capability are still evident here, which are perfectly personified by the chapel named after the Mother of God and the airplane monument . It is vitally necessary to quickly find tram lines and move along them in a northern direction.

Soon the surrounding area will be industrialized. The buildings of huge enterprises appear in the distance. Further on the tram line splits . You can follow any of them, but it is better to choose the one that takes the shortest route to Zarechnaya Street. We definitely turn to it. Small houses and narrow streets are the village of Novoselovka . There are almost no modern architectural excesses around, and only the crumbling adobe houses of deceased local residents show that some changes are still taking place in the village. You will immediately recognize the unforgettable smell of a foundry, everything around is covered with grayish soot, and the buildings of the electrode plant come close to the houses of the new settlers. Some of them are located almost in their yards. spherical structure looks especially impressive against the backdrop of skyward factory chimneys. Perpendicular streets curve down to a small stream flowing in the middle of Novoselovka. In a word, a complete mess.

But the saturation of the territorial and visual integrity of the village soon ends. The last houses of Novoselovka quietly disappear, and a continuous industrial zone begins.

The buildings of numerous enterprises pass one after another along the Shakhtinskoye Highway. The streets are empty and deserted. But the roar coming from the production areas is clearly a sign that there are people here, but they are working. The tram stops are interesting . They are almost invisible, since there are no people on them, and they are also camouflagedly painted with green fir trees and oak trees, thematically merging with the real vegetation planted along the street. The new-built excess, of course, in these places is the Church of St. Sergius of Radonezh. It was made in a modern New Russian style without freethinking, but visually the church is oriented along the north-south axis. The bell tower is located not in front of the main entrance, but to the side of the church, and is combined with it into a single building.

Finally, the industrial zone ends, and through a small dilapidated park you can get to the village of Oktyabrsky. This is a classic working-class area of ​​the Stalin era, built up after the war. Two-story small houses of workers' yellow color fill the center of the village. Some have stucco , now it is unknown what symbolizes. But, probably, something good, since houses with stucco look more optimistic than their comrades without stucco. On the central square, against the backdrop of the order House of Culture, there is a masterpiece monument to Lenin. The authors were clearly opportunists and kapputists like modern communists. It seems that the right hand of the “leader” does not indicate the right path, but is obsequiously extended to shake hands with the enemies of the people. As it should be, the low-rise center of this working-class village is surrounded by endless blocks of private buildings . The houses are now inhabited by the descendants of those NEVZ workers who staged an uprising against Khrushchev’s “thaw” in 1962. Many of them died, but the restoration of capitalism in the USSR was suspended for two decades. The complete image of the village for workers of the Brezhnev era is slightly spoiled by the Brezhnev-era dormitories on Matsoty Street with a mosaic panel on one end side of the building glorifying “ peace, work and happiness ,” and with broken windows on the other. Living in such conditions with “peace and happiness” is probably not entirely adequate.

The Oktyabrsky village smoothly flows into Sotsgorodok. There is more of an attempt at pomp here. The height is more than one storey. elements of rustication on some buildings . The local cultural center has recently been restored , preserving the romanticized mosaic on the façade depicting Soviet people at work. There are many monuments dedicated to the Second World War and the Revolution , but there are also some on abstract topics like a pair of swans near the Snezhinka cafe.

Of course, the culmination of the entire visit to the industrial part of Novocherkassk is the observation of the main entrance of NEVZ during the exit hours of the proletarians who have completed their shift.

Talking about the sights of Novocherkassk, one cannot fail to mention those architectural monuments that are located in the neighboring villages and villages.

The city is connected with them culturally and historically, since the descendants of the Cossacks live there. So, in the village of Grushevskaya there is, which impressively rises above the village. It has recently been restored and looks quite successful. Historically, it was built at the end of the 18th century and was not closed even during Soviet times. In the church yard there are graves of deceased priests. Some tombstones still bear traces of bullets and shrapnel from the battles for Novocherkassk in 1941. Not far from the church there is the first Komsomol member Grushevskaya Anastasia Krauzina, who died at the hands of kulaks in 1930.

Everything described above is located in the eastern part of Grushevskaya. The village is divided into two parts by a huge bridge-overpass of the Rostov-Moscow highway. In the western part the village is expanding significantly. Perpendicular streets appear, leading to Tuzlov, which winds here and there. Not far from the highway, on an elevated slope, a memorial was erected dedicated to those who died in the battles for the village during the Soviet war, as well as to fellow villagers who fell on the fronts of the Second World War. , going into battle, rises beautifully above the village.

On the western outskirts of modern Grushevskaya there is also an architectural site worthy of visiting. This is a dilapidated building, closed during the anti-religious campaign under Nikita Khrushchev. An ill-considered act of state power caused tension in the village. But even the performances of the pioneers, directed by their parents against the authorities, did not help. The church as a parish was liquidated, and since then it has been gradually destroyed.

On the eastern side, Novocherkassk is adjacent to the village of Krivyanskaya . It is famous for being the tomato capital of the Don. Here, in each farmstead there is a whole complex of greenhouses, or booths as they are called here. Every local resident knows why phosphate-potassium fertilizers are better than nitrogen fertilizers, when tomato bushes need a solution and where to introduce hydroyl. If you look at the village, you don’t immediately understand why the territory looks like an intensely glare lake. Then everything becomes clear. After all, this is the kingdom of greenhouses . They occupy the entire space of the courtyards of the Krivyan residents. Some even block the roadways of local streets. Sometimes entire blocks can be walked through endless rows of greenhouses. The designs of booths are obviously varied. There are T, P, Z, W-shaped greenhouses. Everything in the village is connected with tomatoes. There is a chain of stores “Senior Tomato”. Other attractions of the village, such as monuments to the heroes of the Civil War and World War II, typical of many surrounding villages and towns, with hands or noses broken off from soldiers, actively fade against the background of the uncontrollably stunning monoculture of the tomato. The two churches also struggle to diversify the all-round greenhouse.

The Church named after Tikhon of Zadonsky is somewhat similar to the Alexander Church in Novocherkassk. Although they were built in different years. It was not destroyed during Soviet times, like the other Krivyansk Church of the Intercession of the Mother of God . Now it is being restored, but it would be better if it remained in ruins. The super-heavy forms of the classical pseudo-Russian style of the early 20th century are complemented by no less weighty delights of the New Russian style of the early 21. In Krivyanskaya you can see not only booths everywhere. Constantly smoking can be seen from almost all parts of this village in the eastern direction. The village of Donskoy was built near it, where the station’s employees live.

On the southwestern side, the city borders on Maly Myshkin , where the estate and tomb of Ataman Platov, under whom Novocherkassk was founded, is located. Not far from here, among the plowed fields, you can see a small mound with. Nearby there is another one, dedicated to a woman tortured by the Gestapo. The ravine between Maly Mishkin and Novocherkassk is cut by quarry workings of pre-revolutionary origin and a huge dam was laid through it, near which it was formed.

In conclusion, I would like to repeat that Novocherkassk is not only its historical right-bank part, built up with cathedrals, churches and other pre-revolutionary buildings. It is diverse and has absorbed all the architectural trends that have existed in our country over the past two centuries.

Monuments of Novocherkassk

Pre-revolutionary architecture

Architecture of Soviet and modern times

November 2008

Alexander Garden and Mound of Glory

The Alexander Garden is located behind the Ataman Palace. It was founded by Ataman M.G. Khomutov in the early 1850s. Now it is a cozy city park. On the territory there are attractions for children, a cafe, a water park, and a small pond.

For the 35th anniversary of the Great Patriotic Victory, the Mound of Glory was built in the park on the hill, which served as a platform for exploring the surrounding area before the revolution. Four bayonets around the eternal flame symbolize four years of war. On the outer hemisphere of the monument, hero cities and data on the losses of city residents in the Great Patriotic War are listed.

Top 10 Novocherkassk attractions

The most important attraction in Novocherskassk is the Cathedral of the Ascension of the Lord. The Cossacks began its construction along with the foundation of the city, which was to become their capital.

In addition, there are many other interesting places in Novocherkassk:

• museums;
• parks;
• palaces;
• arches, etc.

Before traveling to Novocherkassk, it is better to plan in advance what to see and where to go. To make it easier for you to plan your route, I have prepared a list of the most popular attractions that you can visit in 1 day.

Cathedral of the Ascension

Construction of the Ascension Military Cathedral began in 1811, but the first visitors entered it only in 1905.

The domes of the temple are decorated with red gold, the main cross is decorated with rock crystal. Because of this, at any time of the day the cathedral seems to radiate light. In Russia, the temple is considered the third highest dome - they are located 74.6 m above the ground.

The floor of the cathedral is covered with marble, which in the past was delivered from Italy and France. The temple clock and interior have been preserved in the same form as they were originally.

Nizhny Pokrovsky Church

The tomb, in which there are marble sarcophagi, is called the Lower Church of the Intercession of the Blessed Virgin Mary. Matvey Platov, the founder of the city, is buried here. Vasily Orlov-Denisov and Pyotr Baklanov - heroes of the war of 1812 - also lie in this tomb, as do the remains of Archbishop John.

You will also like: What you need to see in the Hermitage first: where is it better to go, in one day, visit on your own

Baptist Church

In the 18th century Many Germans began to come to Russia for permanent residence. They needed a religious building, which was erected.

The Lutheran Church is different from Christian churches. According to the beliefs of Lutherans, not only services were held in the building - concerts were also held here. Since the 70s XX century the church was left without parishioners. But 20 years later, the Baptist community of Evangelical Christians restored the building. Services are now held here.

Ataman Palace

After its construction in 1863, the Palace of Atamans of the Don Army was used for its intended purpose. From here the management of the Cossack region was carried out. In 1918, Ataman Kaledin committed suicide in the palace.

Now the building houses a museum. All rooms of the palace have been reconstructed. The collections and historical documents placed will help you learn not only about the atamans who served the Fatherland in these parts, but also about their life.

Museum of Viticulture and Winemaking

The place was visited by Thor Heyerdahl, Sienkiewicz, cosmonaut Leonov and Marshal of the Soviet Union Grechko. The history of local winemaking began during the Khazar Kaganate.

Pushkin praised the wines produced on the Don in his works. Local craftsmen have received awards from our country and won international competitions.

Triumphal arches

The Don Cossacks accomplished many feats during the Patriotic War of 1812. Alexander I, in order to personally thank the heroes, went to their capital - Novocherkassk. He could only enter the city from both the northern and western sides, so Ataman Platov decided to erect 2 triumphal arches.

In the USSR, these monuments were considered of no interest to anyone, but now they have been completely restored according to the original drawings. Now they decorate the capital of the Don Cossacks. Everyone who comes here loves to take photographs.

Memorial "Mound of Glory"

In 1980, a memorial was solemnly opened in Alexander Park in memory of all who fought for our Motherland during the Great Patriotic War. The monument reminds that no one should forget the feat of the Soviet people and individual heroes.

Grove "Red Spring"

The history of this beautiful corner of nature began at the end of the 19th century. Then the first trees appeared here. They were landed by order of Ataman Krasnokutsky. Under Soviet rule, the place began to be called “Red Spring”.

You will also like: Where is the best place in St. Petersburg to buy excursions on your own: how to book tickets online, selection, inexpensive

The grove is located near Novocherkassk in the west. Nowadays it has been given the status of a natural monument. Citizens spend their free time here on weekends. On the territory of the grove there are 2 sports grounds and a play area for children.

Alexander Garden

In 1850, Ataman Khomutov decided to build a park on the territory of Gostinodvorskaya Square. In the Alexander Garden there is a mound from which a beautiful view of the surrounding area opens.

Emperor Alexander III, after whom the garden is named, loved to come here and visit the observation deck. Moreover, the Ataman Palace, where Russian royalty stayed, is located nearby. You can walk here and have a photo shoot today.

Park "Cossack"

Initially the park was called “Pervomaisky”. It was built by townspeople working on subbotniks. The park was opened in 1970 on the May holidays in the hope that it would become a favorite place for children.

Now the name has been changed to “Cossack”. It has the largest number of interesting attractions in the city and is crowded not only on weekends, but also on weekdays.

Museum of the History of the Don Cossacks

It is one of the oldest in the southern part of Russia and large in the number of relics and exhibits (about 115 thousand) related to the life, service and traditions of the Cossacks. It was formed in 1899 at the expense of public donations and the Cossack treasury. The museum displays a collection of paintings by famous Russian artists.

The scientific library contains about 15 thousand rare copies. In addition to the Ataman Palace, the following branches operate at the museum: the house-museum of the artist I.I. Krylov, museum of the poet V.G. Kalmykov, house-museum of the artist M.B. Grekova.

Location: Atamanskaya street - 38.

How much does an excursion to Novocherkassk from Rostov cost?

The price of an excursion to Novocherkassk from Rostov depends on the number of participants. For groups of sizes:

• 2-7 people – 9900 rubles,
• 8-17 people – 18,500 rubles,
• 18 – ∞ people – will be agreed upon individually.
• On weekdays there is a 10% discount on the cost of the excursion,

The price of the excursion includes transport support along the entire route and city tours.

Additional charges:

• Entrance tickets to the Atamsky Palace – 180 rubles / person
• Entrance tickets to the Museum of Cossack History – 200 rubles/person

Cossack Drama Theater named after. V.F. Komissarzhevskaya

The theater began operating in the city in 1825. During its existence, it moved many times, and there was a fire in the theater three times. Since 1965, Atamanskaya Street has been the permanent location of the theater.

The great Russian actress Vera Komissarzhevskaya began her career on the stage of the drama theater in 1893. The theater received the additional name “Cossack” in 1991, during the active revival of Cossack culture.

Location: Platovsky Avenue - 72.

Monument to Franz Pavlovich de Volan

The opening of the monument took place in 2003. Franz Pavlovich de Volan - military engineer, lieutenant general, according to whose design the city was built. It is because of the similar layout of the two cities that Novocherkassk is called “little Paris”.

The “beams” of the main streets extend from Ermak Square: Platovsky and Ermak Avenues, Krasny Descent. Ermak Avenue abuts Trinity Square, from which Baklanovsky Avenue, Herzen Descent, Troitskaya Street, and Moskovskaya Street also radiate.

Location: Platovsky Avenue.

Monuments to M.I. Platov

In Novocherkassk there are two monuments dedicated to M.I. Platov. One is installed opposite the main entrance to the cathedral on Platov Avenue. The bronze monument, where the ataman is on horseback, was opened on the 250th anniversary of his birth, in 2003.

The second monument, where M.I. Platov is represented standing on a pedestal, which is the first sculptural monument in the city. Opened in 1853, during Soviet times it was dismantled and melted down. The reconstruction of the monument in the same place took place in 1993. The monument is located in front of the Ataman Palace.

Location: Platovsky Avenue.

Monuments in the city of Novocherkassk

Equestrian monument to M.I. Platov

A bronze monument to M.I.Platov was erected in Novocherkassk on the central avenue named after him in front of the Military Ascension Cathedral on August 23, 2003, when the 250th anniversary of the birth of M.I.Platov was solemnly celebrated. The author is the famous sculptor A.A. Sknarin.

On the back side of the monument there is a commemorative metal plaque: “The monument was erected by the atamans and Cossacks of the All-Great Don Army in honor of the 250th anniversary of the birth of the great son of the Don land, the famous Russian commander, cavalry general, doctor of Oxford University, military chieftain, Count Matvey Platov Ivanovich.

Monument to M.I. Platov (at the intersection of Platovsky Prospekt and Moskovskaya Street)

The administrative center of Novocherkassk is located at the intersection of Platovsky Prospekt and Moskovskaya Street. In the center of the square in 1853, a monument to the founder of the city, Ataman M.I. Platov, was erected. It was created by order of the military administration by famous Russian sculptors: academicians A.A. Ivanov, N.A. Tokarev and P.K. Klodt. In 1923, the statue was lost. The monument was recreated in 1993 by Moscow sculptor A.V. Tarasenko. The rapid movement of the mace of the “Whirlwind Ataman” points to the west, where he led his Cossack regiments all the way to Paris.

Monument to A.V. Suvorov

On December 7, 2004, the grand opening of the monument to A.V. Suvorov took place near the walls of the Novocherkassk Suvorov Military School of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia. On the monument under the bronze bust of the commander there is a short inscription: “Generalissimo Alexander Vasilyevich Suvorov. 1730-1800". And below is the motto: “Honor to yourself, glory to the Motherland!”

Novocherkassk is perhaps the only city in Russia in which two Suvorov military schools were located and operated in different years. One Suvorov Military School was located and operated in Novocherkassk from 1943 to 1963, and the second, the Suvorov Military School of the Russian Ministry of Internal Affairs, is still active today.

Paying tribute to the deepest respect for the genius of military art, Generalissimo Alexander Vasilyevich Suvorov, whose name the school bears, the team of the NSVU of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, under the leadership of the chief of police, Major General Ilya Petrovich Savchenko, decided to erect a monument to the great Russian commander.

Monument to Ermak

On the huge Cathedral Square, paved with rubble stone, in 1904 a bronze monument to Ermak, the famous Don ataman, the conqueror of Siberia, was erected.

mound of Glory

Four bayonets soaring into the sky symbolize four years of the bloody Great Patriotic War. In the center of the composition there is an Eternal Flame, next to which metal letters with the words “No one is forgotten, nothing is forgotten!” are attached to a concrete hemisphere. On the outer hemisphere of the monument there is a stone staircase, originating from stone slabs with the image of the star of the Hero of the Soviet Union and a list of hero cities: Moscow, Leningrad and others. Not far from the exit from the Mound of Glory there is a concrete slab with data on the losses of Novocherkassk residents in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945.

The Mound of Glory, despite the fact that there is not a single burial of a soldier under it who died in the Great Patriotic War, has served for many years as a place of memory and mourning, city rallies and holiday celebrations, as well as visits by newlyweds.

South Russian State Polytechnic University

The abundance of educational institutions in Novocherkassk has given it the name “city of students.” The Polytechnic University is the first and main educational institution in the south of Russia. In 2021, the university will mark 110 years since its founding. This is a magnificent ensemble of educational buildings in the neoclassical style.

The buildings are located along the perimeter so that they form a courtyard, park and stadium inside. In the main building of the university, which is located on Prosveshcheniya Street, there is an indoor courtyard - a large space inside the building with a transparent ceiling. Exhibitions and special events take place here.

Location: Prosveshcheniya Street - 132.

How to get to Novocherkassk

Novocherkassk lies next to the Aksai and Tuzlov rivers, which divide the city in half. It borders on small rural areas, and at a distance lie Shakhty, Rostov, Bataysk and Novoshakhtinsk. Actually, from these cities you can get to Novochek.

The most convenient transport is a bus. For example, you fly or arrive by train to Rostov-on-Don, and from there you take a minibus or bus to Novocherkassk. You'll be there in an hour.

Search for cheap flights to Novocherkassk

Michael the Archangel Church

Novocherkassk has always been and is a stronghold of the Russian Orthodox faith. This is evidenced by a large number of temples and churches. Michael the Archangel Church, built in 1870, is located on Azov Square, not far from the western triumphal arch. Made in Russian style with onion domes.

Location: Platovsky Avenue - 79a.

Sights of Novocherkassk

Novocherkassk is one of the large southern Russian cities. It stands out both for its glorious history and for its special appearance: layout, architecture, unique monuments. Novocherkassk was conceived and founded in 1805 as the new capital of the Don Army Region. For more than a century it was the city of the Don elite: military atamans and military administration, officers and officials, a center of education and culture. After 1917, Novocherkassk became a stronghold of the fierce struggle of the Cossacks for their independence, which ended in a mass exodus of Cossacks into emigration. During the Soviet period of history, Novocherkassk developed as a large industrial center of the Rostov region, a city of education and science. Its population more than tripled and reached 200 thousand people.

The city, picturesquely located on the Aksai Hills, has now retained its identity. With the beginning of perestroika, it acquired the status of the historical center of the reviving Cossacks, and then was proclaimed the world capital of the Cossacks. The city attracts both domestic and foreign tourists.

The first thing a person sees when entering Novocherkassk is the huge triumphal arches erected in honor of the participation of the Don Cossacks in the Patriotic War of 1812.

Two identical arches were built at the entrances to the city: one - on the western, the other - on the north-eastern side - according to the design of the capital's architect A.I. Rusk in 1817 during the life of the founder of the city, the famous Don Ataman, hero of the Patriotic War of 1812, Count Matvey Ivanovich Platov.

Climbing up Platovsky Prospekt from the western side, we find ourselves on Azov Square, the name of which enshrines historical memory. Guarding the southern borders of the Russian state, the Don Cossacks fought a stubborn struggle for the fortress of Azov for several centuries. The heroic page in the history of the Don Cossacks is the famous “Azov Seat” (1641), when a small Cossack garrison of the fortress withstood the many-thousand-strong Turkish army besieging the fortress.

When laying the foundation for the new capital of the Don Cossacks in 1805, M.I. Platov attracted the famous military engineer F.P. Devolan to develop the general project, who successfully tied the city plan to the natural topography of the area. The basis of the strict classical layout of Novocherkassk is its three main avenues: Platovsky, Ermakovsky and Baklanovsky, connected by large squares, from which the streets diverge radially. A unified city development plan made it possible to avoid chaos and achieve an expressive ensemble solution. The uniqueness of the architectural appearance of Novocherkassk is given by the combination of buildings made in classical styles and typical Cossack kurens.

In the center of the square is the St. Michael the Archangel Church, built in 1870. Its appearance is dominated by features of the “Russian style”: onion domes, a hipped bell tower, barrel-shaped semi-columns. The wooden church of the same name was moved from Starocherkassk, but it did not stand here, but on the neighboring Staromikhailovskaya Square, behind the bazaar (now Kirova Square). From here, after serving a prayer service, the Cossack army set off on a campaign against Napoleon.

Before the revolution, in Novocherkassk, in addition to the brownie churches, there were fourteen churches. In addition to Orthodox churches, there was also a Lutheran church and a Polish Catholic church. Along with their religious purpose, they also served as cultural centers. For example, in 1914, artists from the Moscow Bolshoi Theater performed in concerts in the church, and a choir sang under the direction of AM Listopadov, a famous collector of Don folklore. Now there are eight temples left and all of them have been returned to their original purpose.

Since intensive construction of the city began in the second half of the 19th century, during the period of eclecticism, there are quite a lot of buildings of this style. Their architectural appearance is characterized by a wide variety of shapes and freedom of choice of decorative motifs in the decoration of facades.

Here are the closed facades of two impressive buildings of the Sokolov winery on Platovsky Avenue, 67 (now a winery and a military hospital) with rich, lush stucco, which give the impression of real palace architecture.

And not at all provincial, but downright metropolitan. We will see powerful herms of Atlanteans supporting the cornice, stucco masks of the “Sarmatian queen” more than once in the interior of the military assembly building on Moskovskaya Street.

The administrative center of Novocherkassk is located at the intersection of Platovsky Prospekt and Moskovskaya Street. In the center of the square in 1853, a monument to the founder of the city, Ataman M.I. Platov, was erected. It was created by order of the Military Administration by famous Russian sculptors: academicians A.A. Ivanov, N.A. Tokarev and P.K. Klodt. In 1923, the statue was lost. The monument was recreated in 1993 by Moscow sculptor A.V. Tarasenko. The rapid movement of the mace of the “Whirlwind Ataman” points to the west, where he led his Cossack regiments all the way to Paris.

Behind Platovsky Square there is a two-story building in the classicist style - the Ataman Palace (now one of the buildings of the Museum of the History of the Don Cossacks). It served both as the residence of the assigned military ataman and as the place of residence in Novocherkassk for the highest persons: Alexander II, Alexander III, Nicholas II, who visited the city. Here, in the Ataman Palace, on January 29, 1918, the life of the first elected ataman after the revolution, A.M., tragically ended. Kaledina.

Moskovskaya was the central street of the city, where trade was in full swing and the resting public strolled. The building of the Officers' Assembly (1890; now the Central Library named after A.S. Pushkin) with a wonderful interior was also located here. A large double-height dance hall with a stucco ceiling decorated with ornamental friezes, cartouches, attributes of military heraldry and herms of warriors.

Between the upper skylights are insignia of the Don regiments that distinguished themselves in battle. Mezzanines for the orchestra, supported by atlas herms on powerful brackets. The large hall was connected to the small “blue” hall and the winter garden. There were separate recreation rooms, a billiard room, a chess room, and a dining room. They have fireplaces decorated with marble, stucco, and artistic metal. Particularly noteworthy is the decor of the dining room, where the ornamental compositions of the lampshades are replete with images of purely Don flora and fauna: apples, grapes, quails, fish, crayfish.

In the central square of the city, there are several more capital structures that were part of the mandatory set of a provincial city: the building of Regional government offices with an impressive ten-column portico (1844; now the Military Institute of Communications), Judicial Establishments (1909; architect A.N. Beketov; now the city House of Culture and the Cossack Drama Theater named after V.F. Komissarzhevskaya), the Russian-Asian Bank (1905; architect S.N. Boldyrev; the building of the former House of Pioneers), the Don Museum (1899; now the Museum of the History of the Don Cossacks), which turned one hundred in 1999 years.

This is a unique and only museum in the world that contains rare materials on the history of the Cossacks, military flags and banners, collections of granted and award-winning cold steel, Don parsuna, paintings and porcelain. On the second floor there is a collection of works by a native of Novocherkassk, the great Russian landscape painter Nikolai Dubovsky. Two branches of the museum - the memorial House-Museum of the singer of the Don steppes Ivan Krylov and the House-Museum of the founder of Soviet battle painting Mitrofan Grekov tell about the life and work of these outstanding masters.

The names of not only famous architects and artists are associated with Novocherkassk, but also the Don historian Vasily Sukhorukov, writers Mikhail Sholokhov, Fyodor Kryukov, Alexander Serafimovich, Pyotr Krasnov, Anatoly Kalinin, philosopher Alexei Losev, composer Ivan Shishov, actress Vera Komissarzhevskaya, musicians Mikhail Erdenko and Konstantin Dumchev, scientists Mushketov, Kashinsky, Scriabin.

The dominant position in the architectural ensemble of Novocherkassk is occupied by the Patriarchal Ascension Military All-Cossack Cathedral, the construction of which lasted exactly one hundred years (1805-1905). Laid at the founding of the city on the feast of the Ascension of Christ, it collapsed twice during construction due to a weak foundation and haste in its construction. The third, implemented project in the “new Byzantine style” was developed by academician A.A. Yashchenko. The cathedral is the third largest in Russia (its height is 74.6 m) after the Cathedral of Christ the Savior in Moscow and St. Isaac's Cathedral in St. Petersburg. Erected at the intersection of Platovsky and Ermakovsky avenues, it is visible from everywhere, many kilometers from Novocherkassk. Originally, its domes were covered with red gold, and the main cross, made in Bohemia, is decorated with rock crystal inserts to reflect sunlight. Therefore, he was called “the second sun of the Don.”

The Ascension Cathedral is the main temple of the Don Cossacks. At the base of the cathedral there is a tomb for the burial of prominent military and church figures of the Don, and in the choirs there are halls with wall paintings depicting the most significant episodes of Don history. There is a tower clock on the bell tower of the cathedral, and the square itself is the main square, the Maidan, where the most important events and holidays are celebrated.

On the huge Cathedral Square, paved with rubble stone, in 1904 a bronze monument to Ermak, the famous Don ataman, the conqueror of Siberia, was erected.

The historical ensemble of Cathedral Square received its final completion in 1911, when, on the occasion of the centenary of the Battle of Borodino, the remains of M.I. Platov, V.V. Orlov-Denisov, I.E. Efremov, Y.P. Baklanov and Metropolitan John were buried in the tomb of the cathedral . On the opposite side of the square, a monument to the hero of the Caucasian War, General Ya.P. Baklanov, was erected, moved here from the cemetery of the Resurrection Convent in St. Petersburg.

On May 15, 1993, a solemn ceremony of reburial of the remains of the Don heroes took place in the tomb of the temple, and on June 4, 1995, on the day of the city, the monument to Y.P. Baklanov, recreated by the Moscow sculptor A.V. Tarasenko, was re-opened.

Numerous mansions add architectural value to the urban ensemble of Novocherkassk. They definitely compete with each other in the abundance and variety of architectural and decorative decoration. The high urban planning culture of the architects of the 19th - early 20th centuries was manifested in the fact that they erected buildings of different styles taking into account existing ones, uniting them by storey heights, a combination of volumes and architectural and decorative solutions. The facades of the mansions, made in various architectural styles, the openwork grilles of gates, parapets, canopies, and carved doors give them a unique look.

“The plan of the city of Novocherkassk is quite good, and located correctly; it is divided into 76 blocks, consisting of 3 thousand places, all of which are abundantly supplied with land: first class places have a frontage of 20 fathoms and a depth of 30 to 60 fathoms; the second - 15 fathoms along the facade and from 30 to 50 in depth; the smallest are 10 fathoms along the avenue and from 20 to 30 fathoms in depth,” wrote historian V.D. Sukhorukov in the 1820s. “First class” places were allocated primarily for administrative buildings and for the military aristocracy, who sought to build mansions there in “metropolitan taste.” Places of “second class” were given to less wealthy Cossacks, and the rest were content with what was left to their share and built small houses with a stone bottom and a wooden upper structure. But all private houses were subject to a single requirement: they had to be built on “highest” approved facades facing the red line of the street.

Vast areas of land made it possible to build streets not with a continuous row of buildings, but alternate with tree plantations, turning them over time into cozy palaces and estates with courtyards, balconies and orchards.

Not only atamans and generals had representative mansions, but also officials, merchant Cossacks, doctors, lawyers, and notaries. The appearance of the house seemed to personify the property wealth and business reputation of their owner. In street development, the houses in which architects lived and were built according to their designs stand out. These are the mansions of G.M. Salnikov (Atamanskaya, 61), S.I. Boldyrev (Krasnoarmeyskaya, 18), V.N. Kulikov (Prosveshcheniya, 139). They served as the best advertisement for the professional skills of architects.

The Cossacks were distinguished not only by their military prowess and courage, but also always gravitated toward education and culture. Not every provincial city in Russia could boast of the number and range of educational institutions that Novocherkassk had at the beginning of the 20th century: the military Platov classical gymnasium, the Mariinsk women's gymnasium, the Cossack cadet school, the real school, theological and teacher seminaries, the diocesan women's school, theological school, Ataman Technical School, military craft school, military paramedic school, Jubilee School of Merchant Cossacks, commercial school, Don Emperor Alexander III Cadet Corps, Mariinsky Institute of Noble Maidens, Don Teachers' Institute, Don Veterinary Institute, Don Agricultural Institute, music school, parish schools, private educational institutions and boarding houses.

The grand opening of the first higher educational institution on the Don, the Don Polytechnic Institute, took place in Novocherkassk on October 5, 1907 in the building of a former noble boarding house (now a motor transport college). Then it was called the Novocherkassk Polytechnic Institute (NPI). In 1993 it was renamed into NSTU, and in 1999 - into SRSTU (NPI) - South Russian State Technical University. The site for the construction of a large architectural ensemble of the institute was chosen on the territory of the former. Nikolaevsky Garden. Nearby were the buildings of the Mariinsky Institute of Noble Maidens (now the main building of the Engineering and Reclamation Academy) and the Don Alexander III Cadet Corps (now a military unit).

The design of the Polytechnic Institute buildings was entrusted to the prominent Polish architect B.S. Roguiski, one of the creators of the Warsaw Polytechnic Institute complex (1898), in which he successfully used the experience of constructing educational institutions in Western Europe.

The educational buildings of the main, mining, chemical, and energy faculties of the institute are grouped around a rectangular courtyard in plan, which houses a complex of sports facilities and an ancient park.

Each individual building is a functionally closed volume with a rational and convenient layout of the auditorium, laboratory, and classrooms, which has its own complete architectural image. At the same time, all buildings are united by the unity of architectural and artistic design in the neoclassical style.

As an expressive compositional technique for decorative decoration, the architect widely uses powerful columns of the Doric and Ionic orders, which give the entire ensemble a majestic and monumental character. Interesting are the decorative sculptural inserts in the form of masks of Zeus, Mars, and monumental reliefs that tell the purpose of the building in a symbolic form. The main building of the institute is especially beautiful with a grand staircase, a colonnade and a unique four-story covered courtyard with daylight and bypass galleries. During public events and celebrations it can accommodate several thousand people. The construction of the complex of institute buildings began in 1912. Architect B.S. Roguysky managed to complete the construction of only three educational buildings - chemical, mechanical and mining. The rest were completed between 1924 and 1930.

Novocherkassk managed to largely preserve its historical appearance. One involuntarily recalls the words of the historian V.D. Sukhorukov: “Straight wide streets and large squares make up the intrinsic beauty of Novocherkassk.” Novocherkassk is a monument city. Over the past almost two centuries, it has combined a distinctive history, traditionally high culture and scientific and technical potential. With the revival of the Cossacks in the 1990s, Novocherkassk regained its status as the main city of the Cossacks and became the capital of the All-Great Don Army, as well as the Cossacks of Russia and Abroad.

Alexander Nevsky Church

It is located right behind the Alexander Garden. It was founded in 1851 according to the decree of Nicholas I, in memory of the appointment of his son, Alexander, as the august chieftain. The church was built in 1896 in the Russian-Byzantine style, the stone bell tower was added in 1902. The church was called the ataman church, since it was often visited by military atamans who lived next to the temple.

Location: Alexandrovskaya street - 78.

Temple of Constantine and Helena

Initially it was wooden, in 1906 it was decided to build a stone temple in the Old Russian style. Construction took three years, and in 1909 the church was consecrated. In the 1990s, the crosses and domes in the church were gilded. The choir sings during services. The church is located on Sennaya Square, which offers a beautiful view of the city's microdistricts.

Location: Sennaya Square.

Entertainment and attractions

Most local attractions are associated with the history of the Cossacks and the formation of the southern city.

Museum of the History of Viticulture and Winemaking

This museum is located at the Institute of Viticulture, on Baklanovsky Prospekt, at the exit towards Rostov. Here you can hide from the summer heat and refresh yourself with a glass or two of wine. The museum contains documents telling about the history of winemaking, as well as various recipes for preparing this drink. Naturally, there is a tasting room.

Old quarters

Novochek has preserved old quarters, which make the city a kind of open-air museum. Here you can see palaces, small mansions, and a beautiful square. The surrounding area is full of greenery, in the shade of which pensioners and loving couples hide.

Monuments

Monuments are literally scattered throughout the city. They are mainly associated with the Don and the Cossacks. The largest are the monument to the founder of the city, Count Platonov, the Cossack Ermak, and the hero of the Caucasian Wars, General Baklanov.

Most of the monuments were erected in the USSR in honor of the heroes of the revolution and civil war. Among them are monuments to Platov, as well as to Podtelkov and Krivoshlykov - these are the leaders of Soviet power in the Don.

Ascension Military Cathedral

This cathedral is a real decoration of Novocherkassk. It was founded in 1805, but it turned out that construction took a hundred years. It stretches 75 meters in height and is the third largest cathedral in Russia, behind the Cathedral of Christ the Savior and St. Isaac's Cathedral.

The cathedral is beautiful and inspiring with its splendor. In 2011, its domes were covered with gold sheets, and a rock crystal stone was inserted into the cross, which reflects the stars. At night the cathedral is illuminated and looks fantastic.

Ataman Palace

The Ataman Palace looks, as they say in the South, rich. Inside there are vaulted ceremonial halls, carved furniture, stucco moldings and paintings. In the courtyard there are paths, flower beds and a carved wooden gazebo.

Tsars and heirs to the throne stayed in the Ataman Palace. In Soviet times, government agencies such as the department of public education and the department of physical education were located here. In the 90s of the last century, everything unnecessary was removed from the palace and restoration was carried out.

Now on the first floor there are museum exhibitions, on the second there is a living room, a dining room, and the ataman’s office. The authorities plan to recreate the house Simeon Church, where materials about the work of the Don diocese will be placed.

Triumphal arches

There are two of them in the city: one is in the northeast, the other is in the southwest. They were built at the beginning of the 19th century in memory of the participation of the Don Cossacks in the Patriotic War and in foreign campaigns.

An unofficial version says that the arches were erected in honor of the arrival of Alexander I in the city. Since the Cossacks did not know which side he would enter Novocherkassk from, they played it safe and built two at once.