“Cheremkhovo - revival of the city” in the blog “Cities and Villages of Russia”

Cheremkhovo is a city in the southern part of the Irkutsk region of Russia. It forms the municipal entity “city of Cheremkhovo” and is the administrative center of the Cheremkhovo district (which it is not part of).

Founded in 1772.

First mention: 1772.

City since 1917.

Area: 114.40 km².

Population: 50,154 people (2020).

Agglomeration: Irkutsk-Cheremkhovo.

Nationalities: Russians, Ukrainians, Belarusians, Tatars, Armenians, Buryats.

Confessions: Orthodox, Sunni Muslims, Buddhists, shamanists.

Katoykonym: Cheremkhovotsy, Cheremkhovets, Cheremkhovochanka.

Telephone code: +7 39 546.

Postal codes: 665400 - 665422.

OKATO code: 25 445.

OKTMO code: 25745000001.

Mayor of the city: Vadim Aleksandrovich Semyonov.

Story

Founded in 1772. City since 1917. Before the administrative reform of 2005, Cheremkhovo was a city of regional subordination. In Soviet times, the Cheremkhovo City Executive Committee included the city of Svirsk, which in 2007 became an independent municipal entity at the regional level.

Some events in the history of the city of Cheremkhovo

Year	Event
1743	Near the postal route, in an overgrown bird cherry area, a coachman’s hut was erected, which gave rise to the settlement
1770	Coal deposits were discovered in the vicinity of the settlement
1772	Cheremkhovo Sloboda (Cheremkhovo) becomes a settlement at the post station on the Moscow highway
1797	The first wooden church was built (replaced with a stone one after a fire)
End of XIX	Coal mining has begun on a small scale
1896	The first mine was founded
1898	The Trans-Siberian Railway passed through Cheremkhovo
1905	There are 89 coal mines in the vicinity of Cheremkhovo
1915	A petition has been sent to grant Cheremkhovo city status
1916	Cheremkhovo became the center of Cheremkhovo district (before that it was a volost village of Balagansky district). Cheremkhovo district was formed from the volosts of the disbanded Balagansky district. At the same time, the district Balagansk, remaining aloof from the main route, lost its status as a city
1917	Cheremkhovo received city status
January 1920	Cheremkhovo warriors took part in escorting the echelon of Admiral A.V. Kolchak with Russia's gold reserves
March 1920	Units of the 5th Army of the Red Army entered the city
August 1921	By resolution of the Irkutsk Provincial Executive Committee, the Cheremkhovo industrial district was formed with the city of Cheremkhovo and the Cheremkhovo volost
1924	“All-Union Elder” M.I. comes to the city. Kalinin. He visits an engineering plant and speaks to the workers
Early 1930s	Coal production has reached pre-revolutionary levels
1932	A new thermal power plant was put into operation (now it is CHPP-12)
1939	The Khramtsovsky open-pit mine was put into operation
1964	The All-Union Meeting on the development of open-pit mining of coal deposits in the USSR is being held in Cheremkhovo
1965	The Safronovsky open-pit mine was put into operation
1970	A diorama of the Safronovsky section is demonstrated at the World Exhibition EXPO-70 in Osaka (Japan)
1990s	A crisis. City-forming enterprises are closing. Unemployment is rising. City communications are deteriorating. The standard of living of the local population is declining
Early 2000s	The city is recognized as unpromising
2006	Vadim Aleksandrovich Semyonov was elected mayor of the city of Cheremkhovo. His team began systematic work to revive the city

Cheremkhovo // “Historical Encyclopedia of Siberia” (2009)
Cheremkhovo. Formation of the village // Kovalskaya T.V. “Journalistic sketches for the 90th anniversary of the city” (2007)
Cheremkhovo. Transformation of a village into a city // Kovalskaya T.V. “Journalistic sketches for the 90th anniversary of the city” (2007)
Cheremkhovo. Life of migrants // Kovalskaya T.V. “Journalistic sketches for the 90th anniversary of the city” (2007)
Cheremkhovo. Memoirs of Kalashnikov V. M. // Kovalskaya T. V. “Journalistic sketches for the 90th anniversary of the city” (2007)
Cheremkhovo in the pre-war years // Kovalskaya T.V. “Journalistic sketches for the 90th anniversary of the city” (2007)
Cheremkhovo. Development of coal mining in the post-war years // Kovalskaya T.V. “Journalistic sketches for the 90th anniversary of the city” (2007)
Cheremkhovo in the 20th century // Kovalskaya T.V. “Journalistic sketches for the 90th anniversary of the city” (2007)
Cheremkhovo. Development prospects // Kovalskaya T.V. “Journalistic sketches for the 90th anniversary of the city” (2007)

Cheremkhovo

(Irkutsk region)

OKATO code:
25445
Founded:
1772
City since:
1917 City of regional subordination
Center:
Cheremkhovo district
Telephone code (reference phone)


39546*****	45-3-84

Deviation from Moscow time, hours:
5
Geographic latitude:
53°09′
Geographic longitude:
103°04′
Altitude above sea level, meters:
560 Sunrise and sunset times in the city of Cheremkhovo

Geography

The city is located on the hilly heights of the Irkutsk-Cheremkhovo Plain, on the small Cheremshanka River, about 20 km west of the Angara River, at an altitude of 550 m above sea level. In the vicinity of Cheremkhovo there are areas of coal mines (mined and active), agricultural and forest lands. Within the city limits you can find waste heaps - traces of former coal mining.

The municipal formation “city of Cheremkhovo” is a small settlement agglomeration, including a central residential area and a dozen separate settlements-microdistricts, formed at various enterprises, mines, quarries and open-pit mines, many of which were subsequently closed. These villages are 4-12 km away from the city center. The villages are mostly one-story with wooden individual buildings and barrack-type houses.

The central part of Cheremkhovo stretches along the Trans-Siberian Railway for almost 12 km, built up with both wooden one-story and stone multi-story comfortable houses. There are several wide beautiful avenues, a spacious station square, a large stadium and a cozy recreation park.

Cheremkhovo, Irkutsk region

Fragment from the book by M.A. Vinokurov and A.P. Sukhodolov “Cities of the Irkutsk Region”, 2010 On the website “Pribaikalye” (www.pribaikal.ru) published with the permission of the authors

This industrial city is located in the southern, most economically developed part of the Irkutsk region, near the Trans-Siberian railway, in the center of the Irkutsk coal basin, 130 km northwest of the regional center.

It is a city of regional level (subordination) and the administrative center of Cheremkhovo district. It occupies an area of 114 km2 (11.4 thousand hectares).

In Soviet times, the Cheremkhovo City Executive Committee (in our time - a municipal formation) included the city of Svirsk, which in 2007 became an independent municipal formation at the regional level.

Relief.

Climate.

The long-term average duration of the frost-free period in Cheremkhovo is 105 days. The first frosts are recorded on September 11, the last - on May 28.

The average monthly temperature in January is -21.1 °C (absolute -48 °C), July +17.9 °C (absolute +36 °C). The average annual temperature is -1.4 °C.

The average annual precipitation is 406 mm, of which 63% falls in May–August.

The appearance of the city.

For example, in the southern part of the city there are the villages of Vostochny and Kasyanovka. To the southeast of the center are the villages of Grishevo, Kirzavod, Novogrishevo, Kamenny Quarry, Khramtsovka, Izvestkovy. To the east is Shakhtarsky. In the southwestern part are the villages of Ershovka and Trudovoy. The villages are mostly one-story with wooden individual buildings and barrack-type houses.

The central part of Cheremkhovo stretches along the Trans-Siberian Railway for almost 12 km. It is built up with both wooden one-story and stone multi-story comfortable houses. There are several wide beautiful avenues, a spacious station square, a large stadium and a cozy recreation park.

Coat of arms.

The milestone and bird cherry branches speak about the history of the city's founding, and the shining coal speaks about its current city-forming industry. Authors: Vadim Semenov and Tatyana Kovalskaya (Cheremkhovo), Konstantin Mochenov and Vyacheslav Mishin (Khimki), Oksana Afanasyeva (Moscow). The coat of arms was approved by a decision of the City Duma on March 15, 2007, and entered into the State Heraldic Register of the Russian Federation (No. 3120)

Population.

The city of Cheremkhovo is home to 53.6 thousand people, or 2.1% of the residents of the Irkutsk region (as of 2010). The demographic situation is characterized by natural decline and migration outflow of the population.

Population dynamics of Cheremkhovo, thousand people.

Year	1900	1925	1930	1940	1955	1960	1970	1980	1990	2000	2005	2010
Population	2,8	14,4	12,6	55,8	124,0	121,7	98,7	75,6	73,6	69,1	57,0	53,6

With the closure of industrial enterprises during the crisis of the 1990s, the number of jobs was reduced by more than half, and the employment problem worsened. By the beginning of the 2000s. Every third person of working age was unemployed.

Currently, the share of the working age population in the total number of residents is 56% (about 30 thousand people), and those employed in the city’s economy are only 32% (about 17 thousand people).

Of all those employed in the urban economy, the sphere of material production (industry, transport, construction, energy, etc.) accounts for about 35%. Approximately the same proportion works in the public sector (education, healthcare, etc.). 17% work in small and medium-sized businesses (trade, catering, consumer services, etc.), and 8% work in agricultural production.

Social sphere.

The city has 11 preschool educational institutions (more than 1 thousand students), 17 secondary schools (more than 6 thousand students), 3 vocational schools (including 1 medical), 2 colleges (mining and pedagogical), as well as institutions of additional education ( House of Creativity, ecological and biological center, children's and youth sports school, music and art schools). There are two boarding schools for children left without parental care, and a school for hearing-impaired children. There is a branch of the Irkutsk State Technical University.

Cultural institutions are represented by a central library system with a branch network, a professional drama theater, a museum of the history of Cherembass, a park of culture and recreation, and an exhibition hall.

There are amateur creative groups, two of which have been awarded the title “national”. The children's folklore ensemble "Rosinka" is a laureate of the all-Russian public fund "Russian Children's Fund",

and the group “1 Dance Limousine” is a laureate of the international competition-festival of choreographic groups “Unity of Russia”.

The city has municipal institutions “Sportkombinat” and the sports and recreation complex “Martensit”. There are 3 stadiums, 15 gyms, six football fields, a ski base, and a motorcycle section (one of the oldest in the region). Athletes of the city participate in regional, regional and Russian competitions. The Shakhtar football team is the champion of the Irkutsk region.

Medical care is provided to the population in 12 medical institutions and 4 day care hospitals. In recent years, Cheremkhovo’s healthcare infrastructure has been significantly updated.

Prospects.

For further socio-economic growth of Cheremkhovo, it is necessary to create new industries and develop the entrepreneurial activity of the population. At the same time, coal mining, mechanical engineering and transport will remain the basic industries. There are prerequisites for the development of the building materials industry.

The city has several promising sites with nearby infrastructure facilities. On their basis, it is possible to form an experimental special economic zone of industrial production type at the regional level, in which appropriate tax incentives will apply.

At one time, the powerful economic growth of the Irkutsk region was based, among other things, on the potential of Cheremkhovo. Today Cheremkhovo needs support. It seems that the regional government will provide worthy assistance to the development of this glorious city.

Fossil resources

In the vicinity of the city there is the Cheremkhovo coal deposit, the industrial development of which has been carried out since the end of the 20th century. The coal seams here lie relatively shallow and have been mined only by opencast mining for the last 30 years. Coal mines are moved to new areas as fields are mined. Local coal is of the fatty, long-flame type. Its reserves are estimated at approximately 60-100 million tons, which will allow the current level of coal production not to be reduced for at least 20 years.

North of Cheremkhovo, not far from the already operating open-pit mines, there is the Golovinskoye coal deposit with balance reserves of 190 million tons. The quality of Golovinskoye coal is approximately the same as Cheremkhovo coal. The annual volume of coal production here can reach 3 million tons.

In the vicinity of Cheremkhovo there are also reserves of raw materials suitable for the production of building materials. In particular, 12 and 18 km southeast of the city, the Cheremkhovskoye and Makaryevskoye dolomite deposits are located, respectively (from which rubble stone, crushed stone, building lime, etc. are obtained).

On the northwestern outskirts of the city there is a deposit of brick-ceramic raw materials with balance reserves of more than 1 million tons; it was exploited by a building materials plant.

Cheremkhovo on the map of Russia: geography, nature and climate

The city is located 131 km from Irkutsk, on the Cheremshanka River , in honor of which it received its current name. The total area of Cheremkhovo is about 114 square kilometers. Rich coal deposits are due to the fact that the city is located in the southern part of the Irkutsk-Cheremkhovo Plain .

The climate of the territory is sharply continental, which is expressed by a large temperature range and low precipitation. The coldest month is January (average temperature –20°С), the warmest month is June (+20°С).

Mostly birch and coniferous trees grow in the forests. A satellite map of Cheremkhovo proves that the city has green park areas.

Transport accessibility

The Trans-Siberian Railway passes through Cheremkhovo. Within the city limits there are three ESR railway stations (Cheremkhovo, Grishevo and Kasyanovka) and two stopping points. In addition, railway lines and access roads are laid to large coal mines and some industrial enterprises.

The city is connected by several asphalt roads to the federal highway M53 “Baikal” (Novosibirsk - Irkutsk), which runs 8–9 km northeast of the residential area. There are dirt roads connecting Cheremkhovo with coal mine sites and nearby villages in the Cheremkhovo district.

Distance from Cheremkhovo to some cities, km

City	Distance
City	by rail	by road
Usolye-Sibirskoye	63	73
Angarsk	91	104
Winter	120	117
Irkutsk	130	148
Slyudyanka	256	260
Tulun	259	250
Baykalsk	291	299
Nizhneudinsk	376	373
Alzamay	468	463
Taishet	539	530
Biryusinsk	552	543
Ulan-Ude	586	598
Vikhorevka	808	454
Bratsk	832*	475
Krasnoyarsk	957	899
Zheleznogorsk-Ilimsky	1094	736
Ust-Kut	1261**	844
Ust-Ilimsk	1329	735

* To Anzebi station.

** To Lena station.

In addition, Cheremkhovo is connected by road and railway line to the neighboring town of Svirsk.

The total length of the road network within the city municipality exceeds 500 km.

Main streets of Cheremkhovo

A map of Cheremkhovo with streets allows you to get the following information:

Lenin Street is one of the central streets of the city. It is a continuation of Pervomaiskaya Street and ends directly at the exit from the city. There are many important organizations (Pension Fund, Prosecutor's Office, Ministry of Internal Affairs), shops, trade, as well as educational institutions (Secondary School, Vocational School, Mining Technical College, etc.) located here. The street also crosses the Central City Park.
Plekhanov Street runs from Pervomaiskaya Street almost to the Station Square of the city. A map of Cheremkhovo with houses says that there are enough residential buildings, as well as shops and retail outlets. There are also two kindergartens on Plekhanov Street.
Mayakovsky Street is one of the longest in the city. It starts from Elena Berdnikova Street and ends at Oktyabrsky Proezd. In addition to residential high-rise buildings, there are schools, a kindergarten, several gas stations, shops, and a skin and venereal disease clinic.

Population

Population dynamics by year3

1897	1926	1931	1939	1956	1959	1962	1967	1970	1973	1976
2000	14 500	12 900	55 600	124 000	122 833	119 000	109 000	98 667	93 000	82 000
1979	1982	1986	1987	1989	1992	1996	1998	2000	2001	2002
76 696	74 000	73 000	73 000	73 636	73 500	71 900	70 500	69 100	67 800	60 107
2003	2005	2006	2007	2008	2009	2010	2011	2012	2013	2014
60 100	57 000	55 600	54 800	54 300	53 892	52 647	52 605	52 040	51 597	51 324
2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020
51 373	51 338	51 230	50 819	50 586	50 154

Map

Cheremkhovo: maps

Cheremkhovo: photo from space (Google Maps) Cheremkhovo: photo from space (Microsoft Virtual Earth)

Cheremkhovo. Nearest cities. Distances in km. on the map (in brackets along roads) + direction. Using the hyperlink in the *distance* , you can get the route (information courtesy of the AutoTransInfo website)
1	Svirsk	20 (22)	SE
2	Mikhailovka	25 ()	SE
3	Kutulik	29 (30)	NW
4	Mishelevka	33 ()	YU
5	Taiturka	40 (85)	SE
6	Bohan	47 (257)	IN
7	Belorechensky	48 ()	SE
8	Zalari	58 (61)	NW
9	Wasp	59 (283)	NE
10	Usolye-Sibirskoye	59 (68)	SE
11	Novonukutsky	65 (81)	WITH
12	Thelma	67 ()	SE
13	Angarsk	87 (97)	SE
14	Balagansk	95 (137)	WITH
15	Meget	105 ()	SE
16	Winter	108 (115)	NW
17	Ust-Uda	113 (145)	WITH
18	Khomutovo	117 (165)	SE
19	Ust-Ordynsky	119 (202)	IN

a brief description of

The city is located on the Irkutsk-Cheremkhovo Plain, 130 km northwest of Irkutsk. Railway station. Road junction.

Territory (sq. km): 114

Information about the city of Cheremkhovo on the Russian Wikipedia site

Historical sketch

Founded in 1772 as the village of Cheremkhovo at the postal station on the Moscow highway. Name by location on the river. Cheremkhovka (Cheremshana), so named because of the abundance of bird cherry bushes.

Until the end of the 19th century. The coal deposits of the Irkutsk (Cheremkhovo) basin were little explored and were not developed. The first mine was founded in 1896, coal was sent by barges along the Angara to the Nikolaev ironworks. In connection with the construction of the Trans-Siberian railway. Along the highway, the number of small mines with workers' settlements near them quickly grew (by 1906 there were 89 of them).

The city of Cheremkhovo since 1917

Economy

Cheremkhovo is one of the centers of coal mining in the Irkutsk basin, which is carried out using the open pit method (2 coal mines, 3 washing plants).

Factories: heavy engineering, mechanical, “Radio equipment”, “Khimik”, cardboard and roofing felt. Factories: furniture, nonwoven materials. Enterprises for the production of building materials.

Food industry: soft drink plant, meat processing plant, bakery. Light industry: hosiery and clothing factories.

In the Cheremkhovo region, wheat, oats, barley, and buckwheat are grown. Cattle are raised (dairy).

Deposits of coal, talc, dolomite, clay, magnesite.

Main enterprises

FERROUS METALLURGY

OJSC "East Siberian Refractory Plant"
665448, Irkutsk region, Cheremkhovo district, Mikhailovka village,
Offers:
refractory products, building bricks

Culture, science, education

Branch of Irkutsk University.

Drama Theater.

Architecture, sights

The city consists of individual mining villages stretching for more than 10 km. In the city center there is a compact development of brick and large-panel houses. The city is surrounded on all sides by waste heaps, deep quarries and waste rock dumps.

In the Cheremkhovo district, in the village of Golumet, there is St. Nicholas Church.

Population by year (thousands of inhabitants)
1897	2.0	1976	82	2003	60.1	2015	51.4
1926	14.5	1979	76.7	2005	57.0	2016	51.3
1931	12.9	1982	74	2006	55.6	2017	51.2
1939	65.6	1986	73	2007	54.8	2018	50.8
1956	124	1989	73.6	2008	54.3	2019	50.6
1959	122.8	1992	73.5	2010	53.6	2020	50.2
1962	119	1996	71.9	2011	52.6	2021	49.9
1967	109	1998	70.5	2012	52.0
1970	98.7	2000	69.1	2013	51.6
1973	93	2001	67.8	2014	51.3

Economy

As of 2021, the city’s economy is represented by mining (76% of industrial production); production of other non-metallic mineral products; machinery and equipment; furniture; food products; production and distribution of electricity, gas and water; enterprises of transport and communications, construction, consumer market of goods and services:

Industry

• mining (coal) - branch of Razrez "Cheremkhovugol" (LLC "KVSU"); • production of rubber and plastic products - branch of Penoplex SPb LLC in Cheremkhovo; • production of other non-metallic mineral products - Cheremkhovo Construction Materials Plant LLC; • production of machinery and equipment - OOO Rudoremontny Zavod, car repair enterprise Cheremkhovo - a branch of OOO Transvagonmash; • production of finished metal products - Metkonstruktsiya LLC; • food production: Siberian Baker LLC, Chocolate Paradise+ LLC; • provision of electrical energy, gas and steam; air conditioning - CHPP-12 of PJSC "Irkutskenergo", branch "Cheremkhovo Electric Networks" of OGUEP "Oblkommunenergo", MUP "Teploservis", LLC "Cheremkhovo Vodokanal".

CHPP-12 is one of the oldest thermal stations in the Irkutsk region. It was designed and built in the early 1930s with the aim of replacing a small pre-revolutionary station, the power of which was no longer sufficient to supply electricity and heat to the city and its industrial enterprises that were rapidly developing in those years. The station was put into operation in 1932 (at that time its installed capacity was 5.5 MW). Ten years later, in 1942, the power of the thermal power plant was increased to 9 MW. In the post-war years, several power trains were placed near the station and the total electrical power was increased to 24 MW. After the launch of the Irkutsk and Bratsk hydroelectric power stations, the city was connected to the unified energy system of Siberia, and the need to increase the electrical capacity of the thermal power plant disappeared. In 1963, the station was transferred to Irkutskenergo (before that it was in the system of the USSR Ministry of Coal Industry), after which it was modernized several times. Currently, the electric power of the thermal power plant is 7.5 MW, and the thermal capacity is 230 Gcal per hour. The fuel used is mainly Cheremkhovo coal mined at nearby open-pit mines (thermal power plants can also use Azey and Mugun brown coals supplied from Tulun open-pit mines).

Transport and communications

• Structural divisions of VSZD - a branch of JSC Russian Railways, MUP "Passenger Transportation";

• Cheremkhovo post office of the Office of the Federal Postal Service of the Irkutsk Region - a branch of the Federal State Unitary Enterprise "Russian Post";

• Branch of PJSC Rostelecom.

For the reception and departure of freight trains at the Cheremkhovo railway station there are nine reception and departure tracks. Capacity - 60 pairs of trains per day, carrying capacity - about 186 thousand tons per day. There are four tracks for the reception and departure of passenger and commuter trains, there are two island landing platforms, a platform and an underground tunnel1.

Construction

As of 2021, the construction industry is represented by the following enterprises: LLC Energia, LLC SMU Cheremkhovskoye, LLC Cheremkhovpromzhilstroy, LLC Cheremkhovspetsstroy, LLC Region 381.

Archival data: the share of various industries in the economy of Cheremkhovo on average for the period 2000-2009, %

Industry	Share
Industry	48,6
Coal mining	38,4
Transport and communications	32,1
Trade	6,1
Construction	2,9
Others	10,3
Total	100,00

Characteristics of the city

In the endless expanses of the taiga, where bird cherry trees used to bloom, a city of Siberian miners grew up to carry out their work. The city worker has known everything in life, his look tells me so, But at heart he is still young, as he was many years ago. V. Mikheev

Geographical coordinates and properties
Geographical latitude: 53°09′ Geographical longitude: 103°04′ Height above sea level: 560 m Area: 114 sq. km

The city of Cheremkhovo is located 130 km by rail and 157 km by road northwest of the city of Irkutsk along the East Siberian Railway. Cheremkhovo is located 9 km from the federal highway R-255 “Siberia”, borders the municipal formation “city of Svirsk” and the Cheremkhovo district municipal formation. The city stretches in an arc from northwest to east for 12-14 km with a maximum transverse size of 4.5 km and a minimum of about 0.8 km in the narrowed part - in the middle of the territory. It forms the municipal entity “city of Cheremkhovo” and is the administrative center of the Cheremkhovo district.

The city includes 13 villages formed at various industrial enterprises, quarries, mines, open-pit mines, some of which were subsequently closed. In the southern part of the city lands there are: the village of Vostochny, the village of Kasyanovka, the Kasyanovka station, the village of Grishevo. In the southwest are the villages of Ershovka and Trudovoy. In the west is the village of Yuzhny. In the northwest - Jargon. In the northeastern part is the village of Shakhtarsky. To the southeast of the main city there are the following villages: Kamenny Quarry, Kirzavod, Industrialny, Shtolnya.

Cheremkhovo is a single-industry settlement (Order of the Government of the Russian Federation dated July 29, 2014 No. 1398-r “On approval of the list of single-industry towns”). By Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of March 16, 2021 No. 265, a territory of rapid socio-economic development was created in Cheremkhovo.

Historical reference

The history of Cheremkhovo dates back to 1743 as Cheremkhovo Sloboda, a settlement near the postal station. A village on the highway - that was the purpose of Cheremkhovo. In the 18th century it was called Cheremkhovskaya Sloboda; from the beginning of the 19th century, Cheremkhovskaya Sloboda was found in documents, then the village of Cheremkhovskoye. The entire route from the capitals to the outskirts was divided into sections between neighboring post stations, they were called “post roads.” The Cheremkhovo postal road had a length of 18 miles. The discovery of coal deposits and its great need for the railway were factors for the transformation of the tract village into a coal-mining region, and the rural way of life into an urban one.

June 3, 1917 - the date the Cheremkhovo settlement was awarded the status of a city (resolution of the Provisional Government of A.F. Kerensky).

The main business of Cheremkhovo residents throughout the 20th century remained coal mining. The state included Cherembass among the leading coal regions and carried out several large-scale rearmament and reconstruction of coal mining enterprises. After the Great Patriotic War, open-pit mining began to develop in the coal industry. And during the years of the first five-year plans, and during the Great Patriotic War, and after, in peacetime, the city of Cheremkhovo fulfilled its honorable mission - it provided the country with coal, and this is a strategic raw material and fuel.

Natural conditions

The city is located in the southern part of the Central Siberian plateau on the Irkutsk-Cheremkhovo plain, filled with sedimentary deposits rich in coal deposits, 20 kilometers west of the Angara River. The area belongs to the forest-steppe subzone (forests are represented by birch and coniferous trees). The soils are slightly podzolic, dark gray, loamy. The climate of the territory is sharply continental, characterized by a large temperature range, low precipitation, and a high coefficient of solar radiation. The average annual wind speed in the area under consideration is 2.9 m/s. The city is located in the “1B” climate zone and belongs to the area of 7-8 grade seismicity.

Demography

The population of the city of Cheremkhovo, according to Irkutskstat, as of January 1, 2021, was 49,933 people, which is 2.1% of the residents of the Irkutsk region.

The share of the population under working age (0-15 years) is 25.4%, the share of the working-age population (men 16-59 years old, women 16-54 years old) is 52.7% and 21.9% are people over working age.

Mineral deposits

Natural resources are represented by the Cheremkhovo coal deposit. Coal seams lie relatively shallow and are mined by opencast mining by a branch of Razrez Cheremkhovugol LLC (founder - LLC ").

In the vicinity of Cheremkhovo there are reserves of raw materials suitable for the production of building materials (Cheremkhovo and Makarevskoe dolomite deposits, from which rubble stone, crushed stone and building lime are obtained). On the northwestern outskirts of the city there is a deposit of brick-ceramic raw materials.

Economy

The territory's economy is represented by mining (76% of industrial production); production of other non-metallic mineral products; machinery and equipment; furniture; food products; production and distribution of electricity, gas and water; enterprises of transport and communications, construction, consumer market of goods and services:

1) industrial production:

— mining (coal) — LLC “Razrez Cheremkhovugol”);

— production of rubber and plastic products — branch of LLC “PENOPLEX SPb” in Cheremkhovo;

— production of other non-metallic mineral products — Cheremkhovo Construction Materials Plant LLC;

- production of machinery and equipment - OOO Rudoremontny Zavod, car repair enterprise Cheremkhovo - a branch of OOO Transvagonmash;

— production of finished metal products — Metkonstruktsiya LLC, Cheremkhovo Metal Structures Plant LLC;

— food production: Siberian Baker LLC, Chocolate Paradise+ LLC;

— provision of electrical energy, gas and steam; air conditioning - branch of Baikal Energy Company LLC TPP-12, Cheremkhovo Electric Networks branch of OGUEP Oblkommunenergo, Central Electric Networks branch of IESK OJSC, MUP Teploservice;

— water supply; water disposal, organization of waste collection and disposal, pollution elimination activities - Cheremkhovo Vodokanal LLC, Cheremkhovo Water Intake LLC, Improvement Management Company LLC;

2) transport and communications - structural divisions of the VSZD branch of JSC Russian Railways, the Cheremkhovo post office of the Office of the Federal Postal Service of the Irkutsk Region - a branch of the FSUE Russian Post, offices of a branch of PJSC Rostelecom.

There are 9 receiving and departure tracks for receiving and departing freight trains, and 4 tracks for receiving passenger and commuter trains. The station's capacity is 107 pairs of trains per day, carrying capacity is 75.95 thousand tons per day.

3) construction - LLC Energia, LLC SMU "Cheremkhovskoye", LLC "Cheremkhovpromzhilstroy", LLC "Cheremkhovspetsstroy", LLC "Region 38", LLC "PSK "Granit".

4) 694 objects operate in the consumer market, of which 25 are shopping complexes and centers.

The sphere of small and medium-sized enterprises in the city of Cheremkhovo in 2020 is presented as follows: 217 organizations, 733 individual entrepreneurs, as well as 206 self-employed, a total of 1156 units.

Social sphere

The municipal education system includes 15 schools, 16 kindergartens, 3 additional education institutions (a children's and youth sports school, an environmental and biological center, a home for childhood and youth). In Cheremkhovo there are 2 orphanages of regional subordination (OGBUSO “Center for Assistance to Children Without Parental Care, “Harmony”, OGBUSO “Center for Assistance to Children Without Parental Care, Cheremkhovo”).

The healthcare system is represented by 4 regional state budgetary healthcare institutions, in which the population of the city receives medical services. Cheremkhovo, Svirsk and Cheremkhovo district, and the clinic of the private health care institution “KB “RZD-Medicine”, Irkutsk”.

Sphere of culture - Drama Theater named after. V.P. Gurkin, Palace of Culture "Gornyak", House of Culture named after. Gorky and Shakhtar, 4 clubs, 7 library branches, a museum of the history of Cherembass, a park of culture and recreation for the population, 2 art and music schools.

The city sports base consists of 126 facilities, including: Martensit sports complex, Shakhtar stadium, Khramtsovsky sports complex, Children's Sports Center sports complex, judo hall of the Palace of Culture named after. Gorky", motorcycle club "Cascade", ski resort, swimming pool "70 years of the Great Victory", ice arena named after Evgeniy Grishin.

Department of Housing and Utilities

The total area of the housing stock of the city of Cheremkhovo is 1.5 million square meters. m, of which 845 thousand sq. m area of apartment buildings, which are serviced by managers, “Cheremkhovskaya”, “Khramtsovskaya”.

Heat supply to the city is provided by the branch of Baikal Energy Company LLC CHPP-12, eleven municipal and eight departmental boiler houses;
electricity supply - the branch "Central Electric Networks" of OJSC "IESK" and the branch "Cheremkhovo Electric Networks" of OGUEP "Oblkommunenergo", water supply and sewerage LLC "Cheremkhovo Vodokanal". CheremkhovoYandex.Maps - search for places and addresses, urban transport

Natives and residents

Ageev Mikhail Dmitrievich - Soviet and Russian scientist, specialist in the field of navigation systems and control of moving objects, academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences.
Basyuk Viktor Stefanovich - Minister of Education of the Irkutsk Region.
Baikalian Andrey is a musician, wandering Orthodox poet, gussal singer.
Vampilov Alexander Valentinovich - Russian Soviet playwright.
Mikhail Alekseevich Vorfolomeev is a Russian prose writer, playwright, screenwriter.
Evgeniy Petrovich Vyborov is a Russian hockey player. midfielder Trainer, trained about 50 masters of sports.
Evgeniy Vladimirovich Grishin is a Russian hockey player, the top scorer of the Irkutsk team “Sibskan”.
Gurkin Vladimir Pavlovich is a Russian actor, playwright, author of the play “Love and Doves.”
Lomm Alexander (nickname Vaclav Iosefovich) is a Czech science fiction writer who wrote mainly in Russian.
Misnik Mikhail Ivanovich - Soviet statesman, Deputy Minister of the Fishing Industry of the USSR in 1952 - 1953, Deputy Chairman of the State Planning Committee of the USSR in 1966 - 1973.
Poleshchuk Alexander Fedorovich - Russian cosmonaut, Hero of Russia, honorary citizen of the city of Cheremkhovo.
Starynkevich Sergei Sozontovich is a Russian politician and lawyer. In 1918 - 1919 - Minister of Justice in the government of A.V. Kolchak.
Fatyanov Alexey Dementievich - art critic, Honored Worker of Culture of the Russian Federation, honorary citizen of Irkutsk.
Chemezov Sergey Viktorovich is the president of the regional public organization “Baikal”.
Shchadov Mikhail Ivanovich - Soviet statesman, Minister of the Coal Industry of the USSR in 1985-1991.
Yaverbaum Pavel Moiseevich - Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor of the Department of Biochemistry of Irkutsk State Medical University.

City of coal miners, city of sculptures: one day in Cheremkhovo

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Just 15-20 years ago Cheremkhovo could easily be called a depressive city. Now the city of coal miners, although it has not yet solved all its problems, has noticeably transformed, and in its appearance it is unlikely to be inferior to any of its closest neighbors - Svirsk, Usol-Sibirsky or Angarsk. The IrCity correspondent took a walk around Cheremkhovo and noticed what you could see there.

Where does the city begin?

“The theater begins with a hanger,” these words are often attributed to the great Russian theater director Konstantin Stanislavsky. Where does the city of Cheremkhovo begin?

Historically, the settlement, which eventually grew to become the center of the coal industry of Eastern Siberia, appeared at a postal station on the Moscow highway. Transport is one of the key factors in the development of Cheremkhovo. Therefore, we can say that the city begins with the railway station.

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Cheremkhovo Station became a real gift to the townspeople - it was put into operation on December 28, 1980. The residents of Cheremkhovo had been waiting for it for a long time: the old building was demolished in the 70s; residents of the city could only go anywhere by rail from the Zhargon station, which is about 5 kilometers from the center. And only through the efforts and remarkable tenacity of the then head of the station, Lyubov Konina, the Cheremkhovo residents managed to get a new building for the “train harbor.”

Nowadays, the station is not only a place of meeting and parting, but also an excellent location for “catching a flashback” and briefly moving back in time. Near the railway station there is a shuttle bus stop, from where you can go to nearby settlements. Old “Istans” often run to Irkutsk, although they are gradually being replaced by new comfortable minibuses, and you can only get to Svirsk or the villages of the region by PAZik.

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Another greeting from the past is the L-1183 steam locomotive, which is permanently parked on the station square. Once upon a time, this locomotive pulled coal trains throughout the Soviet Union; now it serves as an object for photographing tourists. And sometimes, on September 7, on the day of remembrance of the Yaroslavl hockey club “Lokomotiv”, you can see flowers here.

Cheremkhovo and the revolution

It is not a great exaggeration that the historical center of the city is located right next to the station. Literally 300 meters away there is a mass grave where the Cheremkhovo residents who died for Soviet power during the uprising of December 1917 and in battles with the White Guards and rebels in February 1921 are buried. In 1924, a monument appeared here that still marks this place.

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There is one creepy but interesting story about the clashes between the Reds and the Whites near Cheremkhovo. For a long time, detachments of special forces units (CHON) were attacked by the gang of Ataman Dmitry Donskoy, and the Cheremkhovoites could not cope with the enemy on their own. In November 1923, the detachment of Ivan Strod, one of Sergei Lazo’s associates, was called to their aid. For several days the Strodovites pursued the enemy and overtook him at the Pushchinskaya zaimka of the Olonsky village council (now the village of Olonki, Bokhansky district). Donskoy died there.

For edification and to prove that the elusive chieftain had finally been killed, his body was taken through several villages of Balagansky district. In one of them, one of the Strodovites depicted Donskoy’s intestines with shoulder straps, a waist belt, and a sword belt (a belt over the shoulder). In this form, the frozen corpse of the chieftain was placed against one of the pillars of the church fence. A few days later, one of the relatives lowered the body into an ice hole in the Angara at night.

City of Monuments

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In recent years, a wide variety of monuments have appeared in Cheremkhovo; now there are more than 30 of them. However, even a few hours will not be enough to tell about them all.

A noticeable mark in the history of Cheremkhovo was left by the Nizhny Novgorod merchant of the first guild, Pyotr Karpovich Shchelkunov: he opened mechanical and carpentry workshops, an iron foundry, a sawmill, a brick factory, a power plant, a hospital, housing and a whole range of educational facilities - a Tatar school, a women's school, a men's school a gymnasium, the first commercial vocational school (in the 1930s, transformed into a mining technical school, which now bears the name of Mikhail Ivanovich Shchadov), a medical school, and a rich library. In memory of this, in July 2013, a sculpture of Shchelkunov appeared on the street of December Events, not far from the mass grave.

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Perhaps the most famous monument in the city is the statue of Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin. The story about it can begin with the fact that this is the only “full-size” monument to the great Russian poet in the Irkutsk region. The name of the author of this sculpture has not been preserved in history. There is only a version that the sculptor could have been one of the actors of the Tairov chamber theater, who in the 30s of the last century served a sentence in a camp in the village of Shadrinka. In 1937, Pushkin took his place at school No. 8, which now bears his name.

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Nearby there is another sculpture - “a lady of the Pushkin era”. Not so monumental, not so historical, but very appropriate.

There are many monuments in the city related to the main activity of the city - mining. In Cheremkhovo there are several monuments to miners; at the entrance to the city there is a stele with quite understandable symbols - an excavator bucket and a huge piece of coal.

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Love and pigeons

The famous Russian playwright Vladimir Gurkin is revered and loved in Cheremkhovo even after death. In the city there is a monument and a memorial plaque in his honor, Gurkin was “given” an impressive part of the Lenin Square, one of the squares was named after his main work - “Love and Doves”. Why, one of the Cheremkhovo shopping centers is called “Gurkin Boulevard”! But there is still no street named after him in Cheremkhovo.

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The playwright's theatrical career began here. It is known that when the Gurkin family lived in Cheremkhovo on Turgenev Street (their house no longer exists), little Volodya, who would later become Vladimir Petrovich for everyone, loved to set up a theater with a curtain, with costumes, and gather spectators for his performances - residents of the neighboring Houses.

Then there was a theater school, and work in the Irkutsk and Omsk theaters, and even service in the air defense forces. In 1981, Gurkin wrote the play “Love and Doves,” which immortalized his name. It was performed with great success at the Omsk Drama Theatre, and was staged at the Moscow Sovremennik. A few years later, director Vladimir Menshov made a comedy based on the play, and Gurkin adapted it into a film script. Almost everything that is shown in the play and film is Gurkin’s impressions from his childhood and youth.

When Menshov and Gurkin were choosing locations for filming, they also visited Gurkin’s small homeland. Menshov was shocked: “If we film here, people won’t believe that it’s possible to live like this. It’s like 1914!” Therefore, Cheremkhovo was filmed a thousand miles away from Cheremkhovo itself, in the Karelian city of Medvezhyegorsk.

Shortly before his death in 2010, Gurkin returned to his hometown, where almost until his very last days he worked in the drama theater. In 2011, by decree of Dmitry Mezentsev, he was given the name of Vladimir Gurkin.

Three playwrights

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In addition to Gurkin, other big names of the Russian theater are associated with the city - Alexander Vampilov and Mikhail Vorfolomeev. Everyone knows that Vampilov considered the village of Alar, Alar district, his small homeland, but he was born in Cheremkhovo. In memory of this, a memorial plaque was installed on the walls of the Cheremkhovo maternity hospital.

The name of Mikhail Vorfolomeev became famous in the late 1970s. At the same time, he wrote his first play (“Wormwood is a bitter herb”) at the age of 28; before that, only his poems and stories were published in the Cheremkhovsky Rabochiy newspaper. Until he left for Moscow in 1976, Vorfolomeev lived and worked in Cheremkhovo. Already in Moscow, Vorfolomeev became popular, and his performances were staged not only in Moscow, but also abroad.

Gurkin, Vampilov and Vorfolomeev knew each other, which is not surprising. And now they are constantly with each other: on July 19, 2012, on the square near the Cheremkhovo Drama Theater, the sculptural composition “Three Playwrights,” dedicated to the authors, was unveiled. Its creator was the famous Irkutsk artist and sculptor Karim Mukhamadeev. By the way, most of the Cheremkhovo monuments that have appeared in recent years belong to his authorship.

"Cheremkhovo Miner"

One of the most favorite vacation spots for city residents is the “Glory to the Heroes” memorial. The names of about 5 thousand Cheremkhovo residents who did not return from the battlefields of the Great Patriotic War are engraved on the marble walls. In total, the city military registration and enlistment office called up 24,960 people to defend the Motherland, of which 2,856 were women.

In the center of the memorial complex is the T-34 “Cheremkhovo Miner” tank. In 1943, this tank took a direct part in military clashes. Cheremkhovo residents collected funds for a tank column, which received this name, as well as for a flight of long-range bombers - a total of 8 million 490 thousand rubles.

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Nowadays, various holiday rallies are often held on the territory of the memorial; this is where Cheremkhovo residents celebrate Victory Day, and this is where the procession of the “Immortal Regiment” ends. On warm summer days it is always crowded with families walking around, small children splashing in the fountain. And once upon a time, children, judging by the stories of the older generation, found entertainment by climbing into a tank. Yes, yes, exactly into the tank: once upon a time it was not tightly welded as it is now.

Park of Culture and Recreation

One of the main joys of family residents of Cheremkhovo is the local amusement park, also known as a park of culture and recreation. Once upon a time there were very low prices for the rental of almost all attractions, but I didn’t really want to ride them - they were so old and dangerous.

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Times have changed, the attractions have changed, the Ferris wheel has disappeared, but the prices have remained low. Moreover, this attracts not only Cheremkhovo residents, Svir residents and residents of the Cheremkhovo district. In order to give their children a good weekend, people come here from both Usolye-Sibirsky and Angarsk, where there is no such park.

And even if you don’t want to go on the rides, you can just take a walk around the park - it is located in a forest area, so in summer it is cool here even on the hottest days.

Instead of a conclusion

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Cheremkhovo has really changed its appearance compared to the not so distant past. The well-known rap artist Ken in the mid-2000s gave a completely understandable assessment: “A city living under a black veil; a city forgotten by God, but not by me; a city of crime and lawlessness; Cheremkhovo, who does not have the right to a colorful life.”

A lot has changed since then. Now other songs are sung about Cheremkhovo.

The video was filmed for the 100th anniversary of the city, which Cheremkhovo residents celebrated in 2021.

walk around the city Cheremkhovo

Daniil Konin19:22, July 10, 2018

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The real number of Cheremkhovo residents exceeds the statistics by 3 thousand people

NIA-Baikal Details Published: 04/29/2013 14:45

The real population of Cheremkhovo significantly exceeds the figures provided by statistical authorities. This was discussed at a meeting on demographic issues, which was held by Mayor Vadim Semenov with the heads of federal structures. According to the census, as of January 1, 2013, the city's population is 52,040 people. At the same time, a comprehensive analysis of data from the State Automated System “Elections”, the migration service and the registry office allows us to conclude that the total number of residents may be more than 55.3 thousand, reports the press service of the Cheremkhovo administration. “We have not just the conviction, but also arguments that in Cheremkhovo there is a stable population growth, and not an outflow,” said the administration’s manager and deputy mayor, Galina Popova. “Since 2005, the population growth trend has been noted in the Federal Migration Service; we have practically no empty apartments, which were common in the city a decade ago.” According to the GAS “Elections” system, which is an official source, the number of voters in Cheremkhovo is steadily increasing. As of July 1, 2005, there were 39,394 people on the list, in 2010 - 40,961, and as of January 1, 2013 - already 41,372 people. In addition, 12,352 children aged 0 to 18 years live in the city. If we sum up these figures, the number of residents will already exceed the census figures: 53,697 versus 50,040. The GAS “Elections” system does not take into account four more categories of the population: citizens serving in the ranks of the Russian army (132 people), serving sentences in prisons ( 79), incompetent by court decision (244) and with temporary registration (1187), for a total of another 1657 people. As a result, the population of Cheremkhovo is more than 55 thousand people. Vadim Semenov supported the presented arguments and drew attention to the fact that such a practice may be characteristic of a number of municipalities in the Angara region. “We intend to identify the problem at the regional level in order to achieve objective information about the population in the territories. Moreover, errors in calculations and unclear interaction between structures may be the cause of an artificially created outflow of the population of the Irkutsk region, which negatively affects the investment climate of the region,” the mayor noted. In the near future, the statistical authorities, the Federal Migration Service, the Civil Registry Office, and the Election Commission will join forces to identify inconsistencies and bring the statistical numbers closer to real indicators.