History of Zelenograd: from a satellite city to the district of the future

25.06.2017
The city of Zelenograd is becoming larger before our eyes, growing not only in territory, but also in the housing stock.

Its popularity is not accidental. Zelenograd is quite a beautiful and comfortable city. The local infrastructure has everything necessary that a modern city dweller might need. Convenient transport also develops with the times. Modern buses, minibuses, electric trains and high-speed trains - all this allows passengers to easily move both within the city and beyond, including to the nearest Moscow metro stations. There are plans to build a light metro in the near future.

Zelenograd is literally a green city. There are a lot of forested areas, shady courtyards, and alleys where you can forget for a while that you are in a large administrative district of Moscow. Yes, exactly Moscow.

Why is it important for future buyers of apartments in Zelenograd to have Moscow registration? Because for many it is very important to live in Moscow, have Moscow social benefits and at the same time be away from the noisy and stuffy center of the capital. Moreover, the cost of an apartment in Zelenograd is somewhat lower than the prices of apartments in many other areas of Moscow.

Satellite city

The history of Zelenograd began on March 3, 1958 - on that day the USSR Council of Ministers issued a decree “On the construction of a new city in the suburban area of ​​Moscow, in the area of ​​​​the Kryukovo station of the October Railway.”
The creation of a new satellite city, later announced by the All-Union Komsomol shock construction project, began in the summer of 1961. Young builders arrived to build it from scratch - demobilized soldiers, graduates of specialized schools from Moscow, Odintsovo, Setun, Perov Polye. The first five-story residential buildings in the first microdistrict appeared in Zelenograd, and a central road was built along them.

It was then that the Chairman of the State Committee on Electronic Technology, Alexander Shokin, was looking for a place to concentrate all enterprises there, one way or another related to the development of integrated circuits. The idea was grandiose - to create a semblance of the American Silicon Valley. It was assumed that they would deal with the end-to-end development cycle of microelectronics products, starting with the theory of physical and chemical processes and ending with the production of integrated circuits and microdevices.

Photo: mos.ru

A few years later, the domestic electronics industry practically caught up with its main competitors, the city for many years became one of the centers of the Soviet electronics industry, and microelectronics became the city-forming industry of Zelenograd.

In 1965, Zelenograd became the 21st district of Moscow. By 1986, more than 150 thousand people already lived in the area. At the same time, Zelenograd retains its position as the country's innovative and technological center.

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The future of Zelenograd Silicon Valley

The growth driver of the Zelenograd economy and the district as a whole is the special economic zone (SEZ) Technopolis Moscow. Four of its five sites are located in Zelenograd: Angstrem, Mikron, MIET (Moscow Institute of Electronic Technology) and the Alabushevo greenfield site. In fact, the Moscow technopolis, as they said before, is a city-forming enterprise: high-tech production facilities and over five thousand jobs have been created on its industrial sites, and decent wages have been ensured.

After management of the SEZ was transferred to the Moscow Government in 2021, 15 new companies were attracted to work. Today, 43 residents work in Zelenograd, and the total investment in production is more than 22.6 billion rubles.

Photo: mos.ru

Special conditions have been created for companies: the profit tax rate until 2028 is set at two percent, and there are zero tax rates on property, land and transport for ten years. Goods and equipment imported into the territory of the technopolis are exempt from customs duties, taxes and fees. Companies invest the money they save in advanced developments and create promising products that will be in demand in Russia and abroad.

One of the residents is PJSC Mikron, the largest Russian manufacturer of RFID products, whose factory is one of the five leading microelectronic factories in Europe. Mikron produces over 700 product types, including integrated circuits for secure storage media for identification, payment and transport documents, power management circuits and RFID markings. Among the latest developments of Micron are a smart cabinet for safe storage using special tags and a system for protecting museum exhibits, the radio signals of which help to automatically recognize the location of art objects and keep records of them.

Photo: mos.ru

The first offset contract in Russian practice will be implemented at the Alabushevo site: the investor will create a new production facility under guarantees of sales of products under government orders. will launch innovative pharmaceutical production. Now it is building a pharmaceutical complex on the territory of the SEZ, where it will produce modern medicines, including those for the treatment of oncology. Another investor plans to create a plant for the production of drugs for the treatment of diseases of the digestive tract and metabolic disorders, cardiovascular, musculoskeletal and nervous systems.

The special economic zone continues to grow: in September 2021, construction began on three innovative laboratory and industrial buildings for new residents. And for the training of personnel and the development of business activity of the youth of Zelenograd, a center for technological support of education operates on the basis of the National Research University “Moscow Institute of Electronic Technology”.

Where is Zelenograd located? Features of the geographical location of the district

So, where is Zelenograd? The district is located 37 kilometers northwest of the center of Moscow and 20 kilometers from the Moscow Ring Road (see map below). Many Muscovites mistakenly believe that this is one of the regional cities, because it is located much further than Khimki or Lyubertsy near Moscow.

When asked where Zelenograd is located, residents of the district often compare themselves with Kaliningrad in relation to the capital territory. After all, Zelenograd is the largest exclave of Moscow by area, which is surrounded on all sides by the lands of the Moscow region. Thus, Zelenograd residents, although they have an elite Moscow residence permit, in fact live in the Moscow region.

Administratively, Zelenograd includes five districts. These are Silino, Matushkino, Savelki, Kryukovo and Staroe Kryukovo. Within each of them there are from two to eight microdistricts.

Everything for future generations

Future innovators and scientists are being raised in Zelenograd. Modern kindergartens, schools and technology parks are being built for the younger generation, playgrounds and sports grounds, football fields are being built en masse, and parks and squares are being spruced up.

Since 2012, three schools with 850 places and three kindergartens with 700 places have been built in ZelAO. Today, another educational institution opened - the first combined school and kindergarten in the district.

The new educational building of school No. 2045 will house classrooms for fifth and sixth grade students and kindergarten groups - the building is designed for 550 children (300 schoolchildren and 250 children).

The kindergarten department has sports and music halls, and special rooms for clubs. Each group cell, equipped with interactive equipment, is a separate block with a locker room, game room, bedroom, toilet and pantry.

The school department has rooms for creativity and technology, a linguistic laboratory, a gym, an assembly hall with a stage, and a school information center. For the extended day group, there is a games room and multipurpose rooms. 150 students will be able to have lunch in the school canteen.

Photo: mos.ru

In the coming years, it is planned to build five more educational facilities for 2,100 places in Zelenograd: two preschool educational institutions and three schools.

Thus, in the 17th microdistrict there will be a school for 1,100 places with an IT training ground and a gym. The educational buildings will be equipped with an information center with a library, a media library and a conference room, laboratory rooms, two gyms, metal and wood processing workshops, two dining halls, and a medical block. Nearby there will be a football field, a field for ball games, a gymnastics complex, an area for passing GTO standards and a running track. And students will be able to study biology not only in theory, but also in practice: for this purpose, the school will allocate an area for growing field and vegetable crops.

In 2021, a children's technology park "Smart Park" was opened at the Moscow Institute of Electronic Technology. During the classes, schoolchildren master the key specializations of Zelenograd: electronics and microelectronics, IT and biotechnology. Children learn the basics of remote control of unmanned aerial vehicles and participate in laboratory work on creating an artificial heart. After training, they will be able to enter specialized universities on preferential terms, and some of the guys will be able to enter into deferred employment contracts with leading companies.

Photo: mos.ru

For active recreation of children and teenagers, a youth and teenage cultural and health center with a rugby stadium was built in Victory Park. In different districts of Zelenograd, a skate park, a workout area, a mini-football field (1150 square meters), an ice skating rink (1200 square meters) with a universal workout area with exercise equipment and a roller skating rink appeared in different areas of Zelenograd. Starting in 2021, every winter a skating rink with artificial ice is installed on Yunost Square. In the future, young residents will have a place to organize auto racing - the reconstruction of the auto-karting track in Nazarievo continues.

Layout: mos.ru

Layout: mos.ru

Layout: mos.ru

Layout: mos.ru

Architecture of Zelenograd

Let us briefly consider the most significant architectural objects and complexes in Zelenograd. These include:

• “Flute House” (building No. 360) is perhaps the most recognizable building in Zelenograd. It is distinguished by the rhythmic projections of its staircases, which resemble the valves of the mentioned musical instrument. The total length of the house is 516 meters, and for a long time it was the longest in Moscow.
• The Palace of Creativity for Children and Youth was built at the end of the Soviet era, in 1988, under the leadership of the same Igor Pokrovsky. The building has an original appearance; the features of modernism and constructivism are organically intertwined.
• and “Angstrem” - made in the form of two curved buildings with characteristic pale blue glazing. Local residents nicknamed them “sticks.”
• Residential buildings in the 18th microdistrict - four buildings of 22 floors with broken facades and protruding balconies. Outwardly, they are very reminiscent of towers built from children's construction sets. The houses were built in the late 1990s.

Recreation area

After reconstruction, Victory Park, which opened on May 9, 1985 in the center of Zelenograd, will become even more interesting for both children and adults. The Big City Pond is located here, a little to the west is the Small City Pond, together they actually form a single body of water with an area of ​​about 12 hectares. To clean the bottom of long-term silt deposits and shore protection, water was released into the ponds. Along the northern and southern banks there will be walking paths along the wooden flooring. A boat station with a rental pavilion will be recreated on the embankment. There is also a deck over the water.

Layout: mos.ru

Layout: mos.ru

Layout: mos.ru

At the request of residents, two large playgrounds will be made for children. The first will have a rope play complex, carousel, trampoline, balance beam, two structures with three hammocks, the second will have swings, a trampoline track and a large play complex.

The multi-stage Cascade fountain will have architectural and artistic lighting. New benches, trash cans, about 500 lanterns and more than 500 bollards - special low park lamps - will be installed on paths, squares and alleys. A new 2.5-kilometer running track will appear in the recreation area. As part of the park's landscaping, it is planned to plant almost a hundred trees and more than 20 thousand shrubs.