Walking around Yadrin Yadrin. Yesterday. Today. Tomorrow. (History of the city in photographs) - presentation
Walking around Yadrin Yadrin. Yesterday. Today. Tomorrow. (History of the city in photographs)
The city of Yadrin is 413 years old. Yadrin is a former guard fortress, which later became a small county town on the outskirts of the Kazan province. Year of formation
History The first inhabitants were archers, gunners, boyar children and other military personnel. At the beginning of the 18th century, Yadrin lost its military guard value. The main occupation of the population was agriculture. Trade and crafts developed. Since September 5, 1927 - the administrative center of the Yadrinsky district.
The 19th century was a century of construction and prosperity for Yadrin.
Alekseevskaya Church The five-domed Floor Church of Alexei the Man of God in the old cemetery was erected in 1856 at the expense of the Yadrinsk bourgeois A.M. Shchetinina. It was ritual, they buried the dead in it.
Alekseevskaya Church today Until recently, the church was in a deplorable state. Restoration work is currently underway. 1 million rubles have been allocated for these purposes within the framework of the All-Russian program “Revival and preservation of small and medium-sized cities of Russia”
Michael - Archangel Church Built at the beginning of the 19th century. At first it was wooden, later stone. It was renamed Mikhailo-Arkhangelskaya with the addition of a parish.
Spaso-Preobrazhensky Cathedral Erected at the expense of the merchant I.E. Zasypkin in 1730–1735. Consecrated in 1935. According to family legend, a merchant found a treasure not far from the place where the temple was erected. This cathedral was built in gratitude.
Spaso-Preobrazhensky Cathedral today All that remains of the cathedral is a quadrangle, now it houses the district administration and the Sura restaurant.
Holy Trinity Church It was built from 1785 to 1829. on the site of an older wooden church. After the church was closed in 1936, the church alternately housed a bakery, a water pumping station, and a raipo base. In 1989 the church was returned to the believers. March 31, 1990 Divine services began here.
Market Square
The contribution of the Talantsev brothers to the development and education of the city of Yadrina
Surgical Department of the Central District Hospital Eye and surgical hospital. The building was erected in 1913 at the expense of N.M. Talantseva. It was named after Lyubov Alekseevna Talantseva, the early deceased wife of Nikolai Mikhailovich.
House of K.V. Volkova Built in the first half of the 20th century, almost simultaneously with the eye and surgical hospital.
Real school Built with funds from M.M. Talantsev in 1908. One of the most beautiful buildings in the city. People's Artist of the USSR N.D. studied in this building. Mordvinov.
The building of the district school in Yadrina was opened in 1791. Patronized by Nikolai Mikhailovich Talantsev. The status of the school has changed several times. At first it became a 4-year city institution, in 1913 it was transformed into a higher elementary school and provided 8 years of education.
Currently, residents of the city of Yadrina live in this building, which is a historical monument. The building needs restoration.
Women's gymnasium It was opened in 1906 in a building donated for this by the families of Z.M. Talantseva and noblewoman F.I. Rossoslovskaya. The Talantsevs took on part of the maintenance of the gymnasium.
Nowadays the building is in a deplorable state and needs restoration.
Other buildings in Yadrina of historical significance.
House of official S.F. Stempkovsky Built in the second half of the 19th century. At various times, this building housed: a kerosene shop, a grocery store, and a gas station. Nowadays there is a city network there.
Children's department At the end of the 19th century - a district hospital. Currently, one wooden building has been preserved, which houses the children's department of the district hospital. An example of Russian provincial modernism.
Zemstvo Assembly building. The building was built in 1879 at the expense of the merchant Derstuganov. Since the 17th year of the 20th century, the building has belonged to the Yadrinsk Central Library.
Military Presence Building The building was built in the second half of the 19th century. There is also a military presence wing built in 1910. Nowadays the district military registration and enlistment office is located here.
House of N.I. Ashmarin Built in the 2nd half of the 19th century. First, one floor was built. The house belonged to two merchant brothers. The second floor was built much later. N.I. was born and lived in this house until he was 7 years old. Ashmarin is the creator of the 17-volume Dictionary of the Chuvash Language.
House N.D. Mordvinova Built in 1880 by the grandfather of the famous artist Semyon Andreevich Mordvinov. Nikolai Dmitrievich Mordvinov spent his childhood and youth in this house.
Tolstoy's House The house of the manager of the "Trading House of the Talantsev Brothers" Alexander Ignatievich Tolstov. Since 2000, a historical and architectural museum-reserve has been located here.
The women's almshouse was located in Arkhangelsky Lane. Built in 1816. There were 12 lonely old women living in the almshouse. Maintained at the expense of the City Government
Victory Square – the historical part of the city
Yadrin yesterday Yadrin today Night Yadrin
“The names of your streets, the city of Yadrin!” (Russia, Chuvash Republic)
Pavlova L.N.In 2021, Yadrin turns 430 years old. Yadrin is one of the oldest cities in Chuvashia - a city that has its own history, identity and special atmosphere of life. For us, Yadri residents, our city is the city of our love. Quiet green streets, clean and comfortable sidewalks, gardens and squares, restored merchant houses, hospitable, beautiful residents - all this gives the city a unique flavor.
Various years of foundation or the first mention of it in chronicles were attributed to Yadrin. Most often in the sources the year 1584 was found, which was taken presumably, since there were no documents confirming this. The book “Acts of Feudal Land Tenure and Economy,” published in 1961, contains documents that shed light on the formation of the city of Yadrina. It turned out that it arose in 1590 as a feudal fortification of the Russian state on its eastern borders after the conquest of the Kazan Khanate by Ivan the Terrible (IV).
The first inhabitants were archers, gunners, boyar children and other military personnel, whose number in the first half of the 17th century reached 195 people. At the beginning of the 18th century, Yadrin lost its military guard value.
In 1781, during the formation of the Kazan governorship, Yadrin received a coat of arms as its district town. At the top of the shield is the coat of arms of Kazan “indicating that the city belongs to the Kazan governorship.” In the lower part there are “cast-iron cannonballs folded in a triangular pyramid in a red field, signifying the name of this city.”
There is an assumption that the name of the city supposedly came from the fact that cannonballs were poured here for the artillery of Ivan the Terrible. At the same time, no historical documents confirming this have been found. Modern etymology connects the name of the city with the name of the Chuvash Yadriy or Eterne (Edyrne), the owner of the land on which the city arose. From a variant of this name the Russian Yadrin (an early version of Yadryn) was formed.
In 1795, in terms of the number of inhabitants, Yadrin was the third city within the borders of modern Chuvashia. The city was predominantly made of wood. The most notable were the Transfiguration Cathedral, built in 1735, Kazanskaya (1747), Vozdvizhenskaya (1717), and the parish Alekseevskaya (under the bell tower, 1753). Trinity (1785) church. Since 1791 there was a public school, which was maintained by the city society
On Saturdays there was a big market in the city. People came here from all over the area. In the city there were salt barns, drinking houses, wine shops, a tavern, and 15 shops.
In 1882, there were 2,567 inhabitants, including 2,038 burghers, 118 nobles, 39 merchants. There were 4 stone churches in the city, a total of 423 houses, 41 shops (1 stone). There was a men's school, a women's school, a hospital, a pharmacy, 36 shops in the market square, and a water mill. A significant part of the peasants were engaged in arable farming. Few were engaged in crafts. The industry was represented by one vodka factory and 16 brick factories. There was fishing. The local merchants traded in bread. In the spring they floated bread, lard, alcohol, and timber along the Sura to the Vasilsur pier. In the surrounding settlements they grew hops.
Before the revolution, Yadrin was more like a village than a city. In 1897, it had a population of 2,470 inhabitants.
Many worthy people of our city were born, lived or worked here, glorifying it not only in the republic and Russia, but also abroad. Their names left a good memory. This is Nikolai Ivanovich Ashmarin - a learned linguist, the author of a seventeen-volume dictionary of the Chuvash language, born in our city, People's Artist of the USSR Nikolai Dmitrievich Mordvinov, Konstantin Vasilyevich Volkov - a world-famous doctor who treated the writer Count L.N. Tolstoy, merchants - philanthropists, thanks to whose efforts schools and hospitals were built in the city and region. Talantsev, diplomat, Extraordinary Ambassador of the USSR Zoya Vasilievna Mironova and many others.
In spring, summer and early autumn, Yadrino is surprisingly comfortable. Green well-groomed streets and alleys, flower beds in front gardens, white lace curtains on the windows of houses
Walking through the quiet streets of the old city, you see: the city seems to be crocheted. There are carved patterns on the platbands of wooden houses. The city has its own houses of interest - a house with a mezzanine, the Zheleznov mansion, the building of the merchant Derstuganov - now the central library, the building of a real school built by the merchant Talantsev, now the national gymnasium, the hospital of K.V. Volkova.
The favorite street of the Yadrins is Karl Marx, the former Trinity, so called by the name of the church standing on it. Trinity Church is the highest in the Yadrinsky district. The radiance of its domes is visible for tens of kilometers, and the ringing of bells carries even further. Founded in 1785. In 1990, services were resumed here.
In a couple of hours, you can walk at a quiet pace with stops, walk around our entire city, sit in a cafe, admire its special attractions and flower beds.
When the day approaches evening and the sun goes into the night until tomorrow, the city plunges into silence, decorated with silky sunsets - pink, blue, orange. The most beautiful sunsets in Russia. The nature of the middle zone did not skimp on the beauty that it bestowed on our small homeland.
Our city, decorating and refreshing it, is surrounded by the Sura River, one of the most beautiful rivers in Russia, like a necklace. The semi-precious stones of this decoration are the sights of the Yadrinsky surroundings - lakes “Sosnovka”, “Stopnoe”, “Round Pit”, backwaters, the mouth of the Urga River, flooded flower meadows, protected fishing and berry-growing places, the tourist base “Sursky Dawns”, the beauty of the Yadrinsky nature.
Snow-covered Yadrin is even more beautiful. Pure, blinding snow, huge snowdrifts, tall icy slides, ski slopes in the most beautiful places, horse-drawn sleigh rides, a winter forest, whimsical in its snowy quiet beauty. The snow sticks under your feet, the frosty air rings, and in the distance, hidden behind centuries-old pines, there is a tower. A short walk through Berendey's kingdom and you will be full of energy for a long, long time.
Anyone who has ever visited our city will definitely remember it with a kind word.
OUR CITY WORTH IT!
