Vorsma is a city (since 1955) in the Nizhny Novgorod region of Russia.
It is part of the Pavlovsky district, which includes an administrative-territorial entity (city of district significance) and the municipal entity of the same name, the city of Vorsma, with the status of an urban settlement as its only populated area.
Population - 10,589 people. (2017).
In the 18th century, Vorsma was the center of metalworking handicrafts. Currently, there is a medical instrument plant in the city.
In 2007, the restoration of the Ostrovoezersk Monastery began.
Historical sketch
Vorsma
Documents from the 14th - 15th centuries mention the area of Voryasma (a name of Finno-Ugric origin, meaning “land decorated with water”) and the Kishma river (a name of Finno-Ugric origin, meaning “Forest land”). Since the 16th century, a settlement has been mentioned - the village of Vorsma.
After the marriage of Ivan the Terrible to Kabardian Maria Temryukovna, her relatives received the princely title and began to be called the princes of Cherkassy. For the Apothecary Prikaz, which was led by one of the princes of Cherkassy, lands were allocated near Gorokhovets, and then around modern Pavlov and Vorsma.
In the 16th century, the Holy Trinity Ostrovoezersk Monastery was founded near the city (in the 17th century it was rebuilt in stone at the expense of the princes of Cherkasy).
During the period of dual power of Vasily Shuisky and False Dmitry II, in Vorsma there were many people who supported False Dmitry II, providing him with weapons and people. In the battle of Vorsma, the Nizhny Novgorod militia completely defeated the detachments of False Dmitry II.
For civic feat and personal courage, Kozma Minin was awarded the rank of Duma clerk, as well as lands and lands of the village of Vorsma by Tsar Mikhail Fedorovich; after the death of Minin and his son, this gift went to the royal treasury.
The lands around Vorsma were infertile: solid clay and loam. It is very difficult to feed yourself on this land. This contributed to the development of Vorsma and Pavlov into a large iron processing industry. Swamp ores were discovered, which were smelted in small blast furnaces to produce steel. Leatherworking, soap-making and especially metalworking trades developed in Vorsma: the production of knives, scissors, surgical instruments, cutlery, and weapons. Empress Catherine II, by her decree of September 7, 1761, in order to encourage the metalwork industry developing in Pavlov and Vorsma, freed these villages from permanent conscription and granted the peasants the right to trade throughout the Russian Empire without special certificates.
By decree of Count P.B. Sheremetev, a locksmith factory was established in 1766 for the production of guns, knives, pliers, locks and other iron goods. In 1810, Count Sheremetev donated 1,200 guns to Emperor Alexander I as a gift, and in 1813, for the war with the French, he donated another 2,000 guns and 1,500 sabers.
In 1820, Ivan Gavrilovich Zavyalov, a serf of Count Sheremetev, opened his own business. In 1835, he was granted by Nicholas I 5,000 rubles, a caftan with gold braid, and a medal with the inscription “For usefulness” to be worn on the Annensky ribbon. In 1843, at a manufacturing exhibition in Moscow, he was awarded a large silver medal, and in 1862, he received a medal at the World Exhibition in London “For excellent examples of steel knife products.”
Medical Instrument Plant named after V. I. Lenin
During the Crimean War, the factory in Vorsm began production of a regimental medical surgical kit.
In 1926, Vorsma was given the status of a village, and in 1955 - a city. In 1955, the Kazan Church was opened, which throughout the Soviet period remained the only operating temple in the city and surrounding areas.
During Soviet times, only two industrial areas were developed. The V.I. Lenin Medical Instrument Plant produced medical instruments, and the Oktyabr production association produced a variety of folding knives, producing 95% of such products in the USSR. In addition, the Oktyabr Production Association produced gift knives for all leaders of the USSR, starting with Stalin, as well as a wide range of special knives for various branches of the military and navy (boatswain's, sling, sapper, explosives, boat, commander's knives).
By Order of the Government of the Russian Federation dated July 29, 2014 No. 1398-r “On approval of the list of single-industry towns,” the urban settlement of Vorsma is included in the category “Single-industry municipalities of the Russian Federation (single-industry towns), in which there are risks of deterioration of the socio-economic situation” in Category 3: “ Single-industry municipalities of the Russian Federation (industry towns) with a stable socio-economic situation.”
Go to Vorsma and end up in Karelia - a trip to three picturesque lakes
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Not far from Nizhny Novgorod there are unique natural landscapes, traveling through which you feel like you are anywhere, but not close to home. Mysterious turquoise lakes, cornflower fields, berry forests and mountains - all this is the Pavlovsky district. And here, in semi-wild conditions, you feel like a real original tourist. True, in a good car. In this article I will talk about three picturesque reservoirs located near Vorsma, where it is pleasant to go on a hot summer day.
We went on a trip to the Vorsmensky Lakes in a Kia Sportage, which was kindly provided for a test drive by the Center Company, Kia on Komsomolskoe Highway. Before handing me the keys to the test car, the dealership asked me not to drive particularly off-road; after all, the Sportage is a crossover, not an SUV. But driving on flat roads is boring (may the Kia auto center forgive me) and we broke our promise a little. Fortunately, the car not only did not disappoint, but even made me very happy. But first things first.
Lake in the village of Teryaevo
This is the closest to the regional center, the most conveniently located and pleasant warm lake with a sandy shore.
You can get from the center of Nizhny Novgorod to the village of Teryaevo by car without traffic jams in just over an hour. On one side the lake is surrounded by birch groves, on the other there is a field, and nearby there is a forest with mushrooms and berries.
It’s nice to just spend the day here, swimming and sunbathing, reading a book in the shade of birch trees and frying meat or potatoes over a fire. Or you can stay overnight with a tent, listening to the singing of crickets at sunset and watching the starry sky.
The lake is located 200 meters from the highway, you can get to it by any car. The easiest way is to go to the village of Teryaevo, drive deep into it and go out into the field. The dirt road itself will lead you to the reservoir. This place also has incredible cornflower fields.
Photos do not convey the full charm of these delicate flowers; the blue haze attracts the eye, it is impossible to pass by without taking a photo. Well, pick a bouquet for home. By the way, tea with cornflower is very tasty.
Verdict: the lake in Teryaevo is good in all respects - close, easy entry into the water, there are cozy groves for relaxing with tents. I will definitely come here for an overnight stay.
Lake Klyuchik (Doskinskoye Holy)
About three kilometers from Vorsma there is a unique lake, Klyuchik, which is also called Doskinskoe Saint. Getting to it turned out to be more difficult than getting to the first lake in the village of Teryaevo. To find Klyuchik, you need to drive through fields and not very smooth dirt roads. In one place you need to climb a small hill, our Sportage coped with this task, but a passenger car definitely won’t pass. And if it rains, it will be a little difficult for the crossover. The only way out is to leave the car and walk for about 10 minutes.
The main feature of this lake is its unusual turquoise color; some jokingly compare Klyuchik to the Maldives. As we found out, the color of the water here is due to the large amount of sulfates. The water blooms in some places, but where the underwater springs flow, the lake is mirror-like.
This lake is very popular among divers, as its depth reaches 14 meters and the water temperature is always about +6 degrees. This scary bungee for particularly daring extreme sports enthusiasts is built on coastal birches.
We approached Klyuchik from only one side - from the high side, but there are also entries into the water below. The banks are strewn with wildflowers, the aromas here are amazing.
Verdict: the place is very picturesque, it’s interesting to come here to relax, and just getting to the lake is an interesting adventure. But I probably wouldn’t risk swimming in Klyuchik.
Lake Proval (Red)
The next point on our route list were two lakes Proval and Goreloye, which are located almost a few tens of meters from each other. But we never saw Goreloye, because during a picnic near Proval we were bitten by horseflies and decided to feel sorry for ourselves a little.
But I can say with confidence that the view that opened up to me from this hill covered all possible troubles with insects. Looking at these photographs, I think you will understand why I remembered Karelia in the title of the article. We did not go down to the water, since it was problematic to do so. The dirt road that leads to these parts from Grudtsyno is very difficult and cannot be passed by a low car. And several winding paths lead through the field at once, so it took us quite a long and exciting time to get here. But the local landscapes are worth all the effort. In addition, these places can well be called wild, since the lakes are located far from populated areas, and we did not meet a single car along the way.
The lake has a very interesting island in the middle. I was not able to check the water and the shore at Proval, since the road led through the very top, and in order to go down, we had to wander a little more off-road, but we were no longer strong enough for that.
And, perhaps, the most enjoyable thing about all trips is a picnic. A picnic with a beautiful view is doubly enjoyable.
Of course, this view leaves indelible impressions on the heart. This is a real diamond hidden in the wild nature of the Nizhny Novgorod region. And let me remind you that this is a maximum of one and a half hours drive from Nizhny Novgorod.
Verdict: you can’t go to this lake just to swim. It seems to me that these places are for travelers, romantics who do not like to sit at home, but are eager to discover new amazing secrets in their native lands.
And on the way back to Nizhny Novgorod we stopped at the famous Vorsma Lake Tuscanka. This is a real calling card of these places. They say that the lake was named so by the Italians, who came here and noted the similarity of the local landscapes with Tuscany. Here in the summer the “Russian Tuscany” festival takes place, guests are taken on boats and entertained with all sorts of native Russian amusements.
I will remember this trip for a long time; the weekend route was a success and even exceeded all expectations. And thanks to the convenient Kia Sportage, it also turned out to be very comfortable. I have given verdicts to three lakes, and now I will give verdicts to the test car. As always - from the point of view of a simple layman.
Pros: spacious interior, many sophisticated cool features - wireless phone charging, several USB connectors, rain sensor, illuminated door handles. Seat ventilation is a special favorite: leather seats with holes through which pleasant coolness flows. It's incredibly relevant in the summer and brings warmth to your butt in the winter. I have already noted the cross-country ability in difficult conditions, it handles well uphill, and overall comfort behind the wheel.
Cons: I didn’t immediately figure out the control panel, I racked my brains over how to switch radio stations and adjust the volume on the steering wheel. Instead of the usual buttons, there are unusual switches. Well, it’s still a pity to drive such a car off-road, even though it is quite passable.
Verdict: a good car for travel, including family travel.
I really hope that the article was useful and interesting for you. I just ask you to take care of nature and take out all the trash with you!
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