Dear visitors! We sincerely welcome everyone who has shown interest in the amazing and beautiful land of Zhizdra. The favorable geographical location of the region, the richest reserves of mineral resources, unique natural, cultural and historical potential create the necessary prerequisites for increasing and realizing the investment opportunities of the region. The Zhizdra district today is an area that is open and accessible for business, ready for the implementation of a variety of investment projects. Welcome! Complaints about everything The garbage has not been removed, there is a hole in the road, the lamp is not on? If you encounter a problem, report it!
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Details
The city of Zhizdra is located in the south of the Kaluga region, closing the southern border with it, bordering the Bryansk region.
Currently, the city has 6 thousand inhabitants. Zhizdra is an ancient Russian city. It differs from other cities in its layout, straight streets and alleys, and flat terrain. The Zhizdra River flows through the city center. This is a quiet, cozy provincial town.
Head of Administration: Budenkov Gennady Vitalievich
Administration phone numbers:
+7 (484 45) 2-21-42, (484 45) 2-23-39, tel/fax: (484 45) 2-22-81. email: This email address is being protected from spambots. You must have JavaScript enabled to view it.
Policy of the administration of the urban settlement "City of Zhizdra" regarding the processing of personal data
Climate
The climate of the Kaluga region is conducive to both summer recreation on the water and winter fishing. There is a clearly defined change of seasons here. Summers are moderately hot and humid, and winters are moderately cold with persistent snow cover and an average temperature of -9 degrees below zero.
All this contributes to the Zhizdra (river) becoming an object of interest for travel agencies working with weekend programs. Statistics show that today such tours are the most popular among Russians. The Kaluga region is not far behind in this regard.
The absence of sweltering heat, protected areas, reservoirs with clean water, holy springs - all this attracts lovers of pristine nature to the Zhizdra River.
It is important to remember: in terms of the amount of precipitation, this region belongs to the area of sufficient moisture, so raincoats and waterproof tents are necessary equipment for traveling along the river.
City
Details
In accordance with federal and regional legislation, the municipal formation “City of Zhizdra” has been granted the status of an urban settlement.
The city of Zhizdra was founded in 1777 by Decree of Empress Catherine II.
- Kozelsk: what to see and where to go in the city and surrounding area
The territory of the urban settlement includes the city of Zhizdra, as well as, in accordance with the master plan of the urban settlement, territories intended for the development of its social, transport and other infrastructure.
The territory of the urban settlement is part of the territory of the municipal district “Zhizdrinsky district”.
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Details
Zhizdra
- a city in the Kaluga region of Russia, the administrative center of the Zhizdrinsky district.
| City | |
| Zhizdra | |
| The city in 1913 | |
| Flag | Coat of arms |
Population - 5399[2] people. (2020)
Forms the municipality of the same name, the city of Zhizdra
with the status of an urban settlement as the only settlement in its composition[3].
Settlements
The Zhizdra River owes its name to the Lithuanian Golyad tribe, who once lived on its banks. Translated from their language, it means “coarse sand,” which is true, although there is another legend about this name, which is unusual for Russian ears. They say that the words “alive” and “healthy” were used by boatmen from different banks of the river when greeting each other in the morning.
These places cannot be called densely populated: there are only a few cities here, the largest of which are Zhizdra (the river divides it in half) and Kozelsk. These are truly provincial towns that have preserved the leisurely passage of time characteristic of settlements of the 17th-19th centuries.
There are not so many villages and settlements directly facing the river, so it is better for rafters to stock up on food and everything they need in advance. But such a vacation can really be called “wild,” since there are no sounds of transport or noise typical of city life. Only birds, the rustling of trees and the splash of fish in the water.
HistoryEdit
The first mentions of Zhizdra date back to the middle of the 12th century.
In the 16th century, the border strip of the Moscow state passed through the village[4]. After the Pereyaslav Rada of 1654, the Zhizdra region ceased to be a border region
On October 17, 1777, by decree of Empress Catherine II, the village of Zhizdra became a district town of the Zhizdra district of the Kaluga governorate (since 1796 - Kaluga province). At that time in Zhizdra there were 2 churches, 4 shops, 5 state houses and 191 private houses. The following year, the coat of arms and city plan were approved[5].
In the middle of the 19th century, there were three churches in the city: a stone cathedral in the name of Alexander Nevsky, built in 1776, a stone one in the name of the Kazan Mother of God, built in 1815, and a wooden one in the name of Sergius of Radonezh, built in 1760 on the site of a burnt, abolished monastery. Construction of the fourth was underway. In addition, there were another 24 stone and 1220 wooden buildings[5].
The Maltsov factories, covering the city from the north-west, played a significant role in the development of Zhizdra. From the early 1870s to the early 1880s, city revenues rose from 13,700 to 89,000 rubles. The decline of the factories also affected the city; its budget dropped to 66 thousand rubles (1887). Near the city there were ore, coal and refractory clay crushing plants. In 1884, a weather station was created in the city, which is still operating today. In 1890, the city was half burned out[6].
In 1893-1894. A railway line was built to Zhizdra from the Zikeevo station.
In 1895, the garden-arboretum was founded, which received the “Small Gold Medal” at the Paris Exhibition in 1900. Until 1917, two large fairs were held annually, at which they traded sheepskins, leather goods, bristles, canvas, matting, hemp, bast, vegetable oil and wood products[4].
On November 8-9, 1917, power in the city passed to the Bolsheviks. Zhizdra district became the first in the Kaluga province where Soviet power was established.
Since 1929, the city has been the center of the Zhizdrinsky district of the Bryansk district of the Western region.
In 1943, the city was completely destroyed by retreating German troops (see Zhizdrinsky operation)[7], and some of the residents were previously sent to Germany.
Since 1944, Zhizdra has been part of the Kaluga region.
Routes
Zhizdra is the administrative center of the district in the south of the Kaluga region. The city is located on both banks of the Zhizdra River, which is narrow and shallow in these places, 5 km from the Moscow-Kyiv highway,
Zhizdra received city status in 1777, with the formation of the Kaluga governorship. At the same time, the city’s coat of arms was approved, which depicted the Zhizdra river flowing into the Oka, and a bundle of firewood as a symbol of the abundance of forests in these places. The city received its name from the name of the river, which in turn was named so by the Baltic tribes who inhabited these places in ancient times. Lithuanian zhigzdras means coarse sand. Indeed, the banks of the Zhizdra are often sandy; in its basin you can count about ten rivers with the name Pesochnya.
For a long time, the city of Zhizdra was the center of the largest district in the province in terms of territory and population, and at the same time the lowest in terms of population density. The city was second in population after Kaluga. But the railways bypassed Zhizdra, and industry did not develop.
In 1905-1907 Peasants protested throughout the district, and soldiers were sent to pacify them. In 1907, revolutionaries, leaders of the Maltsovsky district and Bryansk district committees of the RSDLP N.A. Kubyak, I.I. Fokin and others were kept in the Zhizdra prison. In April 1917, the Council of Workers', Soldiers' and Peasants' Deputies was created in the city of Zhizdra. And already on October 26, 1917, immediately upon receiving a telegram from Petrograd about the victory of the proletarian revolution, soldiers of the revolutionary-minded garrison under the leadership of the Bolshevik I.V. Paramonov occupied administrative buildings, a post office, and the Zikeevo station and proclaimed Soviet power in the district.
Zhizdra was one of the centers of formation of Red Guard detachments in the Kaluga province. In a mass grave, in a park near the main street of the city, Red Guards who died during the suppression of the kulak rebellion in the Boyanovichi volost are buried. Veniamin Ginzburg, the secretary of the Zhizdra branch committee of the Komsomol, who was brutally killed by fists in the spring of 1924, is also buried here.
In the pre-war years, in the Zhizdra region there were 136 collective farms, one large poultry-farming state farm “Collectivizator”, two MTS. There were agricultural and pedagogical technical schools and three secondary schools in the city.
The heaviest damage was caused to the city and region by the war and the fascist occupation that lasted from October 1941 to August 1943. The city of Zhizdra was completely destroyed, not a single residential or outbuilding remained, stone houses were blown up, the inhabitants were destroyed or driven to the west. On the day of liberation, only a little more than three thousand people remained in the entire region.
Numerous mass graves and obelisks remind of the sacrifices made. The eternal flame of memory was also lit in the city of Zhizdra.
Now there are 4 large collective farms and 8 state farms in the region. In the regional center there is a timber industry enterprise, an industrial plant, and a workshop of the Moscow leather goods association. The city has a House of Culture, a cinema, shops, a canteen, a communications center, and a hotel.
In 1978, a bust of twice Hero of the Soviet Union, pilot-cosmonaut of the USSR, a native of Zhizdra, A. S. Eliseev, was installed on the central square.
At the bus station in Zhizdra, buses go to Kaluga and Bryansk, to the regional centers of Lyudinovo, Kirov and Khvastovichi, and to the nearest railway station Zikeevo. After getting acquainted with Zhizdra, we will take a short three-day hiking trip. We will leave the city in a southerly direction along the old Sudimir road. One and a half kilometers away on the right will be the central estate of the Kollektivizator state farm, which produces meat, dairy and poultry. Most of our route will pass through the lands of this state farm.
The nearest village of Polom is 11 kilometers from Zhizdra; The road goes through an array of dense mixed forest. In the village there is a branch of the state farm and a dairy farm. The old-timers explain the name of their village this way: once a strong storm broke down an impenetrable forest in this place and people settled in the vacant place.
From Polom the Sudimirska road climbs steeply. After three kilometers it will cross the dirt road connecting the villages of Pesochnya and Gorki. The place here is very high. Hollow and the forest that stretched from Zhizdra itself disappeared into the lowlands. From this hill, water flowing to the west will flow into the Pesochnya River, a tributary of the Bolva, and to the south and east - into the Potya River, a tributary of the Zhizdra. We are on the watershed of the Volga and Dnieper river systems.
A little more way, and the old road will cross first the Pesochnya valley, and then the busy Moscow-Kyiv highway. From here it is not far to the village of Ozerskaya, near which we will camp for the night.
To the north of the village there is the largest lake in the Zhizdrinsky district. The mirror of water stretches from west to east for several hundred meters, about a hundred meters and the width of the lake. The northern coast is covered with deciduous forest, the southern coast is damp and low. The coastal edge is overgrown with willow and sedge. The lake is gradually covered with duckweed and becomes swampy. A narrow path leads to the water. There is also a higher place on the shore where sunbathing and swimming lovers settled.
There is a legend about the lake. It’s as if the village had stood here for a long time. It is unknown what the people were guilty of, only one day all their houses went underground at once, and the place was flooded with water. They say that from time to time logs and boards float up from the bottom of the lake. The lake, indeed, was formed as a result of a karst failure and, according to rumors, has a depth of up to 80 meters. The village of Ozerskaya is a brigade of the Collectivizer state farm.
The next morning we will continue our journey, but in the opposite northern direction and along a different road. Experienced tourists, taking an azimuth of zero degrees, i.e. exactly north, and walking 1 km through the forest, will go to the village of Gorki. It is difficult to get lost: on the left you will hear cars moving along the Moscow-Kyiv highway, on the right - trains on the Moscow-Bryansk line. You can, of course, move along one or the other road.
The names of the village of Gorki and its neighboring Vysoky Kholm speak for themselves: they are located on a hill, on a watershed. The hills are all covered in apple and plum orchards, surrounded on both sides by forests. The Potye River, a tributary of the Zhizdra, flows near the High Hill. The river is small, but it also has tributaries - Staika and Goroditskaya. Gorki, Vysoko Kholm and the village of Potier, on the right bank of the river, are all a brigade of the Collectivizer state farm.” There is a store in High Hill.
From the village of Potier we move to the Zikeevo station, which is about 7 km away. You can walk along the railway line, but it might be better to follow the forest clearings in a northern direction, moving east from time to time. There are no settlements on this route; numerous roads have been laid through the forest by lumberjacks.
Zikeevo is the nearest railway station to the city of Zhizdra, 12 km from it. At the station there is a store, a canteen, a first-aid post, and a post office. Across the line to the east is a bleaching earth plant that operates on the richest tripoli deposits in the area. So-called bleaching earths made from tripoli are used in the oil refining industry.
The village of Zikeevo, which is located near the station, is a branch of the Svoboda state farm. There is a high school, a club, a store.
From Zikeev, along a field road going in a western direction, we will go out to the river. Zhizdre, about three kilometers away. On the shore there was a Zikeevskaya railway water pumping station. The places here are picturesque and have always been a favorite vacation spot for the residents of Zikeev. If you walk along the bank of the river against its flow, then through shallow water you can cross to the opposite bank, higher and covered with forest. The view from the cliff is spectacular. Above the water, its roots grasping the edge of the cliff, a birch tree bent and straightened. The forest retreated from the river. Behind the young oak trees, on a hill, pine and birch trees grow freely. Sprawling trees bent over the entire expanse of the water surface. There are tree trunks here and there across the river. The water is covered in places with duckweed. Somewhere here on the shore you can stop for a second night.
The forest road soon leaves the river, then leads through a meadow with traces of former housing - Smyslov’s hut. On both sides stretches a dense dark forest. If you go deeper into it to the left towards the river, you can find an elevated place with steep, steep edges. This is a small Slavic settlement of the 9th-10th centuries. It has long been overgrown with dense forest.
From the settlement you can hear the noise of cars rushing along the Moscow-Kyiv highway. The road leading along the spruce plantings leads to a concrete road surface. Here is a traffic police post, a branch of the road to Zhizdra. Many passing cars make a stop: nearby there is a small cafe and a drinking water well. Near the forest stands a fabulous wooden tower.
From the traffic police post you can go to Kaluga or Bryansk. If you head to Zhizdra, you can’t help but visit another interesting place. At the exit from the forest, when the outskirts of the city are already visible, a forest road branches off from the highway to the left. It will lead to the mound of the legendary Prince Silver, to a huge earthen rampart of clearly artificial origin. From the south it was once washed by Zhizdra, on the other three sides there was a deep ditch. The mound extends 110 meters from west to east. Most likely this is a guard stronghold in the abatis line system erected under Ivan IV. In the novel by A.K. Tolstoy, the tsar sent Prince Serebryany to serve on the serf line to Zhizdra. This is the case when a beloved literary character begins to live a life separate from the work and is endowed with the traits of a historical figure.
Let's return to the highway and finish our hike in the city of Zhizdre. There are about 60 km left behind.
Mikhaleva V. N.
…
The Zhizdra district is located far from Kaluga and, alas, there is nothing to see there. Except for the protected forests, part of the Bolshaya Zasechnaya Line, some of which have become natural monuments. Urbanization, war, and then the Chernobyl disaster forced people to leave their villages.
But there is hope. The description tells about the village of Polom. Now it has disappeared, but Miratorg has come and perhaps it will be reborn: Polom, Zhizdrinsky district Another investor is reviving apple orchards.
Zikeevo, Zhizdrinsky district. Abandoned tripolite plant. — an amazing thrill awaits the investor in Zikeevo.
About Zhizdra herself:
Zhizdra, Zhizdra district
Zhizdra. Hospital and arboretum.
Comments:
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Social Comments
PopulationEdit
| ↘9587 | ↗11 677 | ↗12 099 | ↘11 783 | ↘6004 | ↗6107 | ↘4394 | ↗6404 | |
| 1926[15] | 1931[16] | 1939[17] | 1959[18] | 1970[19] | 1979[20] | 1989[21] | 1992[22] | 1996[22] |
| ↗9371 | ↗9988 | ↘8109 | ↘5144 | ↗5794 | ↘5549 | ↘5439 | ↗5500 | ↗6000 |
| 1998[22] | 2000[22] | 2001[22] | 2002[23] | 2003[22] | 2005[22] | 2006[22] | 2007[22] | 2008[22] |
| ↗6100 | →6100 | ↘6000 | ↘5719 | ↘5700 | →5700 | →5700 | ↗5800 | ↗5900 |
| 2009[24] | 2010[25] | 2011[26] | 2012[27] | 2013[28] | 2014[29] | 2015[30] | 2016[31] | 2017[32] |
| ↗5926 | ↘5585 | ↘5566 | ↘5521 | ↘5490 | ↘5433 | ↗5509 | ↘5506 | ↘5489 |
| 2018[33] | 2019[34] | 2020[2] | ||||||
| ↘5461 | ↘5431 | ↘5399 |
As of January 1, 2021, in terms of population, the city was in 1061st place out of 1115[35]cities of the Russian Federation[36].
Notable TownspeopleEdit
| City | |
| Zhizdra | |
| The city in 1913 | |
| Flag | Coat of arms |
Zhizdra
- a city in the Kaluga region of Russia, the administrative center of the Zhizdrinsky district.
Population - 5399[2] people. (2020)
Forms the municipality of the same name, the city of Zhizdra
with the status of an urban settlement as the only settlement in its composition[3].
Parking spaces
Before Kozelsk, the Zhizdra (river) is hardly suitable for recreation on the water, since it is almost impossible to choose a parking place here and you will have to sleep on a boat. The banks in this area are clayey, high and steep. Immediately outside the city they begin to gradually decrease until they turn into gently sloping beaches with clean and coarse sand.
There are no specialized bases here where you can relax in comfort, but there are also no signs saying “parking is prohibited,” so everyone is free to choose the shore that they like best and stay on it as long as they want.
It is pleasantly encouraging that every self-respecting tourist carefully removes garbage after himself before leaving the parking lot, so there are no problems in choosing a clean place on the Zhizdra River.
Story
The first mentions of Zhizdra date back to the middle of the 12th century.
In the 16th century, the border strip of the Moscow state passed through the village[4]. After the Pereyaslav Rada of 1654, the Zhizdra region ceased to be a border region
- Priozersk in the Leningrad region - what to see, how to get there from St. Petersburg?
On October 17, 1777, by decree of Empress Catherine II, the village of Zhizdra became a district town of the Zhizdra district of the Kaluga governorate (since 1796 - Kaluga province). At that time in Zhizdra there were 2 churches, 4 shops, 5 state houses and 191 private houses. The following year, the coat of arms and city plan were approved[5].
In the middle of the 19th century, there were three churches in the city: a stone cathedral in the name of Alexander Nevsky, built in 1776, a stone one in the name of the Kazan Mother of God, built in 1815, and a wooden one in the name of Sergius of Radonezh, built in 1760 on the site of a burnt, abolished monastery. Construction of the fourth was underway. In addition, there were another 24 stone and 1220 wooden buildings[5].
The Maltsov factories, covering the city from the north-west, played a significant role in the development of Zhizdra. From the early 1870s to the early 1880s, city revenues rose from 13,700 to 89,000 rubles. The decline of the factories also affected the city; its budget dropped to 66 thousand rubles (1887). Near the city there were ore, coal and refractory clay crushing plants. In 1884, a weather station was created in the city, which is still operating today. In 1890, the city was half burned out[6].
In 1893-1894. A railway line was built to Zhizdra from the Zikeevo station.
In 1895, the garden-arboretum was founded, which received the “Small Gold Medal” at the Paris Exhibition in 1900. Until 1917, two large fairs were held annually, at which they traded sheepskins, leather goods, bristles, canvas, matting, hemp, bast, vegetable oil and wood products[4].
On November 8-9, 1917, power in the city passed to the Bolsheviks. Zhizdra district became the first in the Kaluga province where Soviet power was established.
Since 1929, the city has been the center of the Zhizdrinsky district of the Bryansk district of the Western region.
In 1943, the city was completely destroyed by retreating German troops (see Zhizdrinsky operation)[7], and some of the residents were previously sent to Germany.
Since 1944, Zhizdra has been part of the Kaluga region.
- What is interesting about the city of Nevel
Fishing
Clean water is another feature that the Zhizdra River has. Fishing here is a real pleasure, but it is important to know exactly where the fish are. The best place is considered to be the part of the reservoir starting behind Kozelsk. In addition to the river itself, its tributaries, especially Peschany, Yasenok, Bryn and Resseta, are very popular among fishermen.
In Zhizdra itself you can catch chub, pike, perch, ide, dace, asp and other fish. The sandy shores are conducive to long-term parking, and the pine-oak-linden forest growing on them will become a source of firewood and berries. Particularly popular among fishermen is pike fishing, which is known to be the most intelligent and cunning fish. The only condition for successful fishing is maintaining silence, since for many kilometers here you can only hear birds and the sound of the river.
Population
| ↘9587 | ↗11 677 | ↗12 099 | ↘11 783 | ↘6004 | ↗6107 | ↘4394 | ↗6404 | |
| 1926[15] | 1931[16] | 1939[17] | 1959[18] | 1970[19] | 1979[20] | 1989[21] | 1992[22] | 1996[22] |
| ↗9371 | ↗9988 | ↘8109 | ↘5144 | ↗5794 | ↘5549 | ↘5439 | ↗5500 | ↗6000 |
| 1998[22] | 2000[22] | 2001[22] | 2002[23] | 2003[22] | 2005[22] | 2006[22] | 2007[22] | 2008[22] |
| ↗6100 | →6100 | ↘6000 | ↘5719 | ↘5700 | →5700 | →5700 | ↗5800 | ↗5900 |
| 2009[24] | 2010[25] | 2011[26] | 2012[27] | 2013[28] | 2014[29] | 2015[30] | 2016[31] | 2017[32] |
| ↗5926 | ↘5585 | ↘5566 | ↘5521 | ↘5490 | ↘5433 | ↗5509 | ↘5506 | ↘5489 |
| 2018[33] | 2019[34] | 2020[2] | ||||||
| ↘5461 | ↘5431 | ↘5399 |
As of January 1, 2021, in terms of population, the city was in 1061st place out of 1115[35]cities of the Russian Federation[36].
